Policies, Standards and Guidelines (PSG) for the Graduate Programs in History

August 15, 2011

CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER NO. 022-11

 

In accordance with the pertinent provisions of Republic Act (RA) No. 7722, otherwise known as the "Higher Education Act of 1994," CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 36, s. 1998, ("Policies and Standards on Graduate Education"), CMO No. 9, s. 2003 ("Addendum to CMO No. 36, s. 1998 Policies and Standards on Graduate Education"), and by virtue of CEB Resolution No. 173-2011, dated 27 July 2011 and for the purpose of rationalizing the graduate degree programs in History in all Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the country, this set of Policies, Standards and Guidelines (PSG) is hereby adopted and promulgated by this Commission. HAEIac

ARTICLE I

Introduction

SECTION 1. Rationale and Background. — The graduate programs in History offer advanced study in the history of the Philippines and other areas of studies designed to reinforce research-based knowledge and skills in historical analysis, methodology, and research, especially in the use of primary/manuscript/archival sources.

ARTICLE II

Authority to Operate

SECTION 2. Authority. — All Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), both private and public (State Universities and Colleges [SUCs] and Local Colleges and Universities [LCUs]), intending to offer graduate programs in History must first secure proper authority from the Commission on Higher Education in accordance with existing rules and regulations.

ARTICLE III

Program Specification

SECTION 3. Degree Names. —

1. Non-Thesis Master's Program: Master in History (MHistory)

2. Thesis Master's Program: Master of Arts in History (MA History)

3. Doctoral Program: Doctor of Philosophy in History (Ph.D. in History)

SECTION 4. Objectives. —

1. Master's Programs. The non-thesis master's program in history (MHistory) aims to produce professionals with advanced competencies in the teaching of history in basic education courses, using sources and methodologies relevant to the field of research.

The master's program in history (MA History, with thesis) aims to produce professionals with advanced competencies in the teaching (in the tertiary level), research and writing of history manuscripts using sources and methodologies relevant to the field of research.

2. Doctoral Program. The doctoral program in history is primarily a research program where graduate students are required to formally present their research output to the academic community.

SECTION 5. Specific Professions/Careers/Occupations that Graduates of these Programs May Go Into. — Those who earned a degree in any of the graduate programs in History may go into teaching, research and writing histories, administration in universities, government and private business.

SECTION 6. Allied Programs. — The History allied programs are Archaeology, Cultural Anthropology and Political Science.

ARTICLE IV

Competency Standards

SECTION 7. At the end of the graduate programs (MHistory, MA History, Ph.D.), graduates should have acquired advanced skills in teaching and research methodologies of the discipline, including an understanding of the ethical requirements of the profession. Further, graduates should also have acquired advanced skills in the training of those who would go into the teaching of history (in all levels) and research and writing of history. CHcESa

Upon completion of the MHistory (non-thesis) degree, graduates must have acquired the following competencies:

1. understanding of the vital importance of studying the historical traditions from which Philippine society has developed, to better understand other cultures;

2. intellectual breadth and analytical skills which will be useful in teaching history classes valuable for becoming a knowledgeable and engaged citizen and imparting such lessons to students;

3. expertise in teaching history across many areas/regions and different time-periods; and

4. ability to train students to become both skilled scholars and conscientious teachers of history.

Upon completion of the MA History (with thesis) degree, graduates must have acquired the following competencies:

1. understanding of history as a discipline of historical inquiry using the basic method of collection and careful evaluation of evidence;

2. ability for written presentations of reasonable conclusions derived from that evidence produced from research;

3. ability to assess a historiographic issue not only in a narrative and descriptive exposition, but also in an interpretive and analytical manner; and

4. ability to make innovative and enlightening contributions to the study of history, whether as teachers, researchers, public historians, or independent scholars.

Upon completion of the Ph.D. History degree, graduates must have acquired the following competencies:

1. ability to read critically, search out and analyze primary materials with skill, and to write original presentations of reasonable conclusions based on evidence;

2. competence in the comparative and interdisciplinary approaches to the different fields of history such as those that transcend traditional regional, national, and chronological boundaries;

3. competence in the thematic, theoretical, and methodological approaches such as in cultural, intellectual and political, social, economic, international and other kinds of history; and

4. mastery of the historical literature in the specific field of research expertise which would enhance capacity for teaching in the graduate level. DICSaH

ARTICLE V

Curriculum

SECTION 8. Curriculum Description. — The curriculum for graduate History programs shall be consistent with the specific thrust, specifications and competency standards as defined in Section 6 and 10. Moreover, in all types of graduate programs in history, the culture for inquiry and research must be developed.

1. The course work of thirty-six (36) units for the non-thesis/masters and sixty (60) units for doctoral program shall be research-based as evidenced by the course reference materials, course requirements and assessment systems.

• Reference materials should be specialized and research-based journal articles, book chapters and/monographs.

• Course learning activities and requirements should develop specific aspects of research competencies.

• Assessment systems should involve performance-based activities that require students to demonstrate higher order thinking skills.

2. The course work of thirty-six (36) units for the non-thesis/masters program shall be based on the most current relevant knowledge that can be applied to the professional development of historians as evidenced by the course reference materials, course requirements, and the assessment systems of HEIs.

• Reference materials should be specialized readings that discuss and evaluate best practices in the specific areas of professional specialization.

• Course learning activities and requirements should involve the production and evaluation of approaches, programs and materials used in the specific areas of professional specialization.

• Assessment systems should involve performance-based activities that require students to demonstrate advanced professional skills for the development and evaluation of educational programs and materials.

3. Both masters and doctoral programs shall require either a comprehensive examination or some appropriate equivalent requirement to assess the students' ability to analyze, integrate, evaluate and apply the different knowledge and skills developed in the various courses. cTDECH

4. Courses for the graduate programs in History are meant to provide students competencies in the approaches and practices in the teaching, research and writing of history. The major area of specialization is Philippine history, with courses on other area studies supplementing the specialization, to provide graduates with a broad range of knowledge in the history of mankind. Research seminar papers are required for the area of specialization (Philippine history), which should typically be 20-25 pages in length and require use of primary sources. Research papers on other area studies courses need not require the use of primary sources (which are not available in the Philippines), but they should nevertheless be rigorous in the requirements of historical methodology and practice.

A. Curriculum Description for non-thesis MHistory program:

The curriculum for the History program consists of the following requirements: 6 units of the Required Courses; 18 units of the Core Courses; 6 units of Electives/Cognate to come from Pedagogy courses; a Comprehensive Examination of the Required and Core Courses; and a Research Project which is the presentation of a Teaching Module.

B. Curriculum Description for MA in History (with thesis program):

The curriculum for the MA in History (with thesis) consists of the following requirements: 6 units of the Required Courses; 18 units of the Core Courses; 6 units of Electives/Cognate, either from one Social Science or Humanities discipline; a Comprehensive Examination of the Required and Core Courses; 6 units of the MA Thesis to be defended in an oral examination. A language proficiency exam in Spanish is also required before the candidate is allowed to advance to thesis research.

C. Curriculum Description for Ph.D. in History:

The curriculum for the Ph.D. in History consists of the following requirements: 6 units of the Required Courses; 12 units of Electives/Cognates from one Social Science or Humanities discipline; 30 units of the Major Courses; a Comprehensive Exam of the Major Courses; and 12 units of the Dissertation to be defended in an oral examination. A language proficiency exam in Spanish is also required before the candidate is allowed to advance to dissertation research.

SECTION 9. Curriculum Outline. —

1. Master's Programs. There shall be two (2) tracks for the master's program, namely, the non-thesis track and the thesis track.

The curriculum shall require a minimum total of thirty-six (36) units.

2. Doctoral Program. The curriculum for doctoral program shall require a minimum total of sixty (60) units.

Master's Programs
			Non-thesis		Thesis
	Types of Courses	(MHistory)		(MA History)
				Units
Required Courses		6		6
	Philippine Historiography 1 (1521-1898)	3		3
	Philippine Historiography 2 (1898-present)	3		3
Core Courses		18		18
	Pre-16th Century Philippines	3		3
	The Philippines (1521-1896)	3		3
	The Philippine Revolution (1896-1902)	3		3
	The Philippines (1902-1946)	3		3
	Post-War Philippines (1946-present)	3		3
	Selected Topics in Philippine History	3		3
Electives/Cognates (Social Science or Humanities,
	limited to one discipline)				6
Electives/Cognates (Choice of pedagogy)		6
Comprehensive Examination	REQUIRED		REQUIRED
MA History-M.A. Thesis with Oral Defense				6
MHistory-Research Project-Teaching Modules		6
				——		——
Total Units			36		36
				====		====
		Doctoral Program
					Units
Required Courses				6
	Theories and Approaches in History			3
	The Practice of History and Historical Writing			3
Electives/Cognates (Social/Science or Humanities, limited
	to one discipline)				12
Major Courses *				30
	Seminar on Pre-16th Century Philippines
	Seminar on 16th-18th Century Philippines
	Seminar on 19th Century Philippines-Nationalism & Revolution
	Seminar on Philippine-American War (1899-1902)
	Seminar on the Philippine Commonwealth (1935-1946)    HIaAED
	Seminar on the Second World War and the Japanese
		Occupation (1941-1945)
	Seminar on Contemporary (Post-War) Philippines
		(1946-present)
	Seminar on Local and Oral History
	Seminar on the Ethnic Histories of the Philippines
	Seminar on the History of Social Movements in the Philippines
	Seminar on Moro History
	Seminar on Selected Topics in Philippine History
	Seminar on Comparative Revolutions in Southeast Asia
	Seminar on Contemporary Asia
	Seminar on Contemporary American History
	Seminar on Contemporary European History
Comprehensive Examination Required — Major Courses
Dissertation				12
					––––––––
Total Units				60 Units
					=======

* All courses in the doctoral level will be research seminar courses where the doctoral student will do independent research based on primary sources under the guidance of a professor adviser/supervisor, in preparation for the presentation of a prospectus for the dissertation and to prepare the student for fieldwork. The doctoral student is expected to present the completed research in a formal seminar.

SECTION 10. Sample Program of Study. —

10.1	Master's Programs
	YEAR 1
	First Semester		Second Semester
	Courses	Units	Courses	Units
	Philippine Historiography 1 (1521-1898)	3	Philippine Historiography (1898-present)	3
	Pre-16th Century Philippines	3	The Philippine Revolution, 1896-1902	3
	The Philippines, 1521-1896	3	The Philippines, 1902-1946	3
		9		9
	YEAR 2
	First Semester		Second Semester
	Courses	Units	Courses	Units
	Post War Philippines	3	Electives/Cognates	3
	Selected Topics in Philippine History	3	Thesis/Special Project	6
	Electives/Cognates	3
		9		9
10.2	Doctoral Program
	YEAR 1
	First Semester		Second Semester
	Courses	Units	Courses	Units
	Theories and Approaches in History	3	Practice of History and Historical Writing	3
	Major Courses	3	Major Course	3
	Major Courses	3	Major Course	3
		9		9
	YEAR 2
	First Semester		Second Semester
	Courses	Units	Courses	Units
	Major Course	3	Major Course	3
	Major Course	3	Major Course	3
	Major Course	3	Major Course	3
		9		9
	YEAR 3
	First Semester		Second Semester
	Courses	Units	Courses	Units
	Electives/Cognates	3	Electives/Cognates	3
	Electives/Cognates	3	Dissertation	12
	Electives/Cognates	3
		9		15
Note:	The institution is free to enhance and to follow different patterns and modalities based on the needs of its clientele.

SECTION 11. Thesis/Research Project/Dissertation Requirements for the Master's & Doctoral programs. — Upon completion of all academic requirements and prior to the presentation of teaching module research project (for MHistory), master's thesis (MA History), or doctoral dissertation, the candidate must pass a language proficiency test in Spanish and a comprehensive examination (on core courses). Successful defense of the research proposal for MHistory, master's thesis, or doctoral dissertation allows the student to undertake research towards completion of research project/thesis/dissertation.

The research project (for non-thesis program) should be a minimum of 30 pages, with the paper displaying evidence of primary research and following the canons of historical methodology. The same requirements (evidence of primary research and mastery of historical methodology) apply to the master's thesis and doctoral dissertation.

The research project and master's thesis will be defended before a panel consisting of at least three (3) faculty members of the College, one critic (who, with the adviser, endorses the thesis for examination), one reader in history, and one panel member from the cognate discipline.

The doctoral dissertation will be defended (upon endorsement by the adviser) before a panel consisting of five (5) faculty members of the College, consisting of three readers in history, one panel member for the cognate discipline, and one representative of the Graduate School. The doctoral dissertation should contribute new knowledge and must be based on primary and/or archival sources.

Failure to pass the oral defense a second time disqualifies the student from acquiring the MHistory, MA, or Ph.D. degree.

ARTICLE VI

Description and Specifications of Courses

SECTION 12. For description and specification of courses, please refer to Annex A.

ARTICLE VII

Other Requirements

SECTION 13. Program Administration. —

A. Qualifications. The Dean or Head of a college or institution must at least be:

1. a holder of a Doctoral degree; DTAHEC

2. with at least five (5) years of satisfactory teaching experience; and

3. with at least two (2) years of administrative/managerial experience.

B. Teaching Load. The teaching load of the Dean of a college or institution must not exceed six (6) units per semester/term.

SECTION 14. Faculty. —

A. Qualifications of Faculty

1. Master's Programs

• A holder of a Master of Arts in history or MHistory degree with a minimum of eighteen (18) units leading to the Ph.D. degree and at least five (5) years of teaching experience.

2. Doctoral Program

• A holder of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in history with five (5) years of teaching experience, or

• Practicing historians without a doctoral degree in history but with significant publications in the discipline may be allowed to teach in the doctoral program.

B. Faculty Requirements for the Master's and Doctoral Programs

1. Master's Programs — Institutions offering the Master's programs should have at least three (3) full time faculty members with M.A. degrees in History. They should have advanced learning in the specialization or major area being offered;

2. Doctoral Program — For the Ph.D. program, the institution should have at least three (3) full time faculty members who are doctoral degree holders and have published works in refereed journals, at least one (1) of whom shall have advanced training in the specialization or major area being offered.

Institutions are encouraged to form consortium programs with other HEIs and professional associations in order to strengthen their faculty resources for their graduate programs.

C. Teaching Load. For the full-time faculty, the maximum teaching load is 15 units per semester. The total load for part time faculty who is teaching in more than one institution is 18 units per semester. Faculty members teaching in another institution should advice his/her immediate superior and secure approval following established school regulations. No faculty shall be allowed to teach for more than three (3) consecutive hours in one (1) day and more than three (3) course preparations per semester.

SECTION 15. Library Requirements. — Every college/institution/department offering Graduate History programs shall have an adequately equipped library that will provide all the basic textbooks, as well as reference materials for research and other scholarly purposes, as well as resources for current trends. AIHDcC

1. Librarians. The following are the minimum staff requirements:

a. A college/institution/department library should have a full-time librarian who is a holder of Master in Library and Information Science degree with a valid license.

b. There should be one full-time librarian for the first 500 students enrolled, and for an enrollment of 1,000, two (2) full-time librarians shall be required.

c. Library assistant/s must be a holder/s of Bachelor of Library and Information Science degree.

2. Library Holdings

a. For the graduate History program, the libraries must provide at least five (5) non-duplicated book titles per course found in the curriculum. Further, the library should have copies of the following printed collections of documents/manuscripts which can be used for the research requirements of the students. These sources are not textbooks but contain compilations of translations of archival materials which are going to be useful for institutions distant from the archive depositories in Manila.

The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and their Peoples, their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as related in contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, showing the Political, Economic, Commercial and Religious Conditions of those Islands from their earliest relations with European Nations to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century (Translated from the originals). Edited and Annotated by Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson, with historical introduction and additional notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne, with maps, portraits and other illustrations (55 volumes). (Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark, 1903-1909). There have been several reprints of this multi-volume reference material, the latest edition published in the Philippines (Mandaluyong, Metro Manila: Cacho Hermanos, 1973). It also has a two-CD format.

Documentary History of the Philippines (12 volumes), compiled, edited and annotated by Gregorio F. Zaide (12 volumes) (Navotas, Metro Manila: National Book Store, Inc., 1990). Encyclopedia of the Philippines, by Zoilo M. Galang, 20 volumes (Manila: E. Floro, 1950-1958).

The Philippines under Spain, A Compilation and Translation of Original Documents, 6 volumes, edited by Virginia Benitez Licuanan and Jose Llavador Mira (Manila: National Trust for Historical and Cultural Preservation of the Philippines, 1990-1996).

Filipino Heritage, The Making of a Nation, edited by Alfredo R. Roces, 10 volumes (Manila: Lahing Pilipino Publications, 1977).

Kasaysayan, The Story of the Filipino People, 10 volumes (Manila: Asia Publishing Company'; Pleasantville, NY: Reader's Guide, 1998).

The Philippine Insurrection Against the United States, compiled by John R.M. Taylor, 5 volumes (Pasay City: Eugenio Lopez Foundation, 1971).

Alfredo R. Roces (ed.), Filipino Heritage, 10 volumes (Manila: Lahing Filipino, 1978).

Filipiniana Book Guild Series, Series 1, 24 volumes (Series 1 comes also in CD format). There is also a Series 2. aSDHCT

Dictionary of Philippine Biography, by E. Arsenio Manuel, 4 volumes (Quezon City: Filipiniana Publications, 1955-1995).

b. The HEI is likewise required to subscribe to at least five (5) peer reviewed and/or international refereed journals and periodicals in history and related disciplines (political science, philosophy, anthropology, archaeology, economics, and art studies, among others, for interdisciplinary/multidisciplinary studies) that are published locally and internationally. The subscriptions may be for hard or electronic copies of the journal.

The HEI must subscribe to any five (5) of the following journals, the list to include both Philippine and foreign journals:

Journal of History (Philippine National Historical Society);

Historical Bulletin (Philippine Historical Association);

Philippine Social Sciences Review (formerly Philippine Social Sciences and Humanities Review) (University of the Philippines);

Philippine Studies (Ateneo de Manila University);

Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society (University of San Carlos, Cebu City);

Kinaadman Journal (Xavier University, Cagayan de Oro City);

Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (formerly Journal of Southeast Asian History) (University of Singapore);

Journal of Asian Studies (Association for Asian Studies, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA);

American Historical Review (American Historical Association);

Journal of Social History (George Mason University, USA);

Comparative Studies in Society and History (Cambridge University, UK);

Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient (Leiden University, The Netherlands);

c. The library must have at least 100 audio-visual materials in the forms of tapes, films, records, CDs and DVDs. Fifty percent of the collections should have been published/produced within the last ten (10) years. The audio-visual materials must be stored in an air-conditioned facility.

d. The library must provide internet terminals to allow faculty members and students to undertake research and other academic activities.

e. The library must provide access to electronic library materials such as CD-ROMS and electronic subscriptions.

SECTION 16. Laboratories and Other Facilities. — The laboratories and facilities of HEIs for the graduate history programs shall be augmented with:

a. appropriate research facilities;

b. instructional laboratories, as needed;

c. resources needed for research (e.g., statistical software and other equipment for analysis of research data); and TacADE

d. information and communication technology facilities.

SECTION 17. Admission. — The applicant must be a holder of a baccalaureate degree in history and must have obtained a general weighted average (GWA) of 2.25, or its equivalent, in his/her undergraduate degree.

1. Prerequisites

a. Master's Programs. Graduates of non-history programs are required to take the following undergraduate courses (12 units) during the first year of the program, while also enrolled in MA level history courses:

i. Philosophy of History

ii. Historical Methodology

iii. Two Thematic Philippine History Courses (with no equivalent in undergraduate course)

b. Doctoral Program. Graduates of non-MA History programs are required to take the following MA History courses:

i. Required Courses

ii. Core Courses

Graduates of MHistory are not allowed to proceed to the Doctoral program unless he/she takes up the following.

i. Cognate of Social Science or Humanities

ii. Thesis

NOTE: The prerequisite courses are not part of the total number of required units and do not count toward the number of residency requirements.

SECTION 18. Retention and Residency Requirements. —

1. Retention. The student must have a GWA of at least 2.0 by the end of his/her course work. No grade below 2.0 (or its equivalent) will be credited towards the MHistory, MA History and a GWA of at least 1.75 for Ph.D. degree.

The institution shall have specific admission and retention policies for its graduate students.

2. Residency. MA students are allowed a residency of three (3) years, with a maximum not to exceed five (5) years, during which time all requirements for completion of the degree must be complied with. Ph.D. students are allowed a residency of (5) years, with a maximum period not to exceed seven (7) years, during which time all requirements for completion of the degree must be complied with. Students who have exceeded the Maximum Residence Requirements (MRR) will be required to take penalty courses (to be determined by the institution concerned) in order to remain in residence.

The thesis must be successfully defended within three (3) years after the completion of the academic requirements. Likewise, dissertation must be successfully defended within five (5) years after the completion of the academic requirements.

ARTICLE VIII

Transitory Provisions

SECTION 19. All HEIs including SUCs and LCUs with existing permit or recognition for graduate history programs are hereby given a period of three (3) years from the effectivity thereof to fully comply with all the requirements in this CMO. EHSTcC

ARTICLE IX

Sanction

SECTION 20. For violation of this Order, the Commission may impose such administrative sanction as it may deem appropriate pursuant to the pertinent provisions of Republic Act No. 7722 in relation to Section 69 of Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 otherwise known as the "Education Act of 1982, Section 63 of Article XII and Sections 142-143 of Article XXVI of the Manual of Regulations for Private Higher Education of 2008, and other related laws.

ARTICLE X

Repealing Clause

SECTION 21. Any provision of this Order, which may thereafter be held invalid, shall not affect the remaining provisions.

All CHED issuances or part thereof inconsistent with the provision in this CMO shall be deemed modified or repealed.

ARTICLE XI

Effectivity Clause

SECTION 22. This Order shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general circulation.

Quezon City, Philippines, August 15, 2011.

(SGD.) PATRICIA B. LICUANAN, Ph.D.Chairperson

Attachments available upon request.