Policies, Standards and Guidelines for Dental Education

July 11, 2006

CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER NO. 33-06

 

In accordance with the pertinent provisions of Republic Act (RA) No. 7722, otherwise known as the "Higher Education Act of 1994" and in view of CHED Resolution No. __, S. 2006, for the purpose of rationalizing Dental Education in the country towards keeping at pace with the demands of global competitiveness, the following policies, standards and guidelines for Dental Education are hereby adopted and promulgated by the Commission, thus:

ARTICLE I

Introduction

SECTION 1. Dental education aims to prepare students for the general practice of the profession who are biologically, scientifically and technically oriented to develop competencies in the maintenance of oral health care.

Dental education shall develop and equip the students to be adept in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. It shall develop graduates who:

a. are committed to provide community dental services;

b. are sensitive to social and moral climate of the Filipino people;

c. are research-oriented;

d. can assume leadership role in the national and global community. SDEHIa

ARTICLE II

Authority to Operate

All private higher education institutions (PHEIs) intending to offer the Doctor of Dental Medicine must first secure proper authority from the Commission in accordance with existing rules and regulations. State universities and colleges (SUCs), and local colleges and universities should likewise strictly adhere to the provisions of this policies, standards and guidelines.

SECTION 2. Representatives from the CHED and the members of the Technical Committee for Dental Education shall make an ocular inspection of all facilities of the institutions to assure that they conform with the required policies, standards and guidelines prior to the issuance of initial permit to operate the program.

SECTION 3. The number of students admitted to the schools offering the Dentistry program shall be appropriate to the school's capabilities to offer the program in terms of facilities and faculty.

ARTICLE III

Program Specifications

SECTION 4. Program Name: Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD). —

SECTION 5. Program Description. —

The Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) is a straight six-year program administered by the Dean of the College of Dentistry. The first two years is the Pre-Dental covering the General Education and other health-related subjects, and a Four-year Dentistry curriculum with the first two years covering Basic Medical and Dental sciences, and Pre-clinical subjects, the last two years on clinical training.

a. Objectives. The Dental education aims to prepare the graduates to be globally competitive for the following tasks:

1. providing quality oral health care,

2. providing proper patient education,

3. community service delivery,

4. conduct basic and clinical researches,

5. application of business principles, entrepreneurship, practices, and processes,

6. proper patient management and treatment, and

7. ethical/legal/moral applications in dental practice.

b. Specific professions, careers, occupations or trades that the graduates of this program may be:

1. Private Dental practitioner

2. Health care provider in hospitals, local government units, private companies and the military service

3. Academician, Dentist can be employed in colleges and universities offering dentristry program

4. Dental industry experts, consultants and researchers. DHcEAa

ARTICLE IV

Competency Standards

The competency standards present the minimum level of competence for graduates of Doctor of Dental Medicine who must be able to:

1. Provide quality health care

1.1 Obtain medical, dental, social and occupational history

1.2 Obtain and interprets diagnostic information and procedures

1.3 Maintain record of patient

1.4 Develop comprehensive oral health plan

1.5 Perform appropriate clinical procedures

1.6 Provide oral and preventive care

1.7 Refer to specialist if necessary

1.8 Provide emergency dental services

1.9 Implement and monitor infection control and environmental safety

1.10 Maintain adequate clinical equipment and facilities

2. Provide proper patient education

2.1 Conducts proper oral health education

2.2 Participates in continuing professional education

2.2.1 Local Chapters/Affiliates

2.2.2 Regional

2.2.3 National

2.2.4 International

2.3 Explains proper treatment plan to the patient

2.4 Gives chair side instruction to the patient

2.5 Provides post operative instructions

2.6 Recalls patient

3. Community service delivery

3.1 Conducts community services

3.1.1 Oral health education

3.1.2 Preventive health measures

3.1.3 Corrective treatment

3.2 Participates in oral healthcare awareness programs

3.3 Coordinates with other health professionals

4. Conduct clinical researches

4.1 Identifies oral health related problems as subject for research

4.2 Conduct research projects

4.3 Identifies sources of funds

4.4 Solicits and allocates funds

4.5 Recommends improvements as outputs of research

5. Apply business principles, entrepreneurship and practices

5.1 Identifies dental business opportunities/needs

5.2 Identifies other business opportunities

5.3 Able to source capitalization

5.4 Uses business principles in dental practice

5.5 Registers name of business with concerned agencies

5.6 Observes labor laws

5.7 Provides fringe benefits

5.8 Observes merit system

6. Proper management of patient

6.1 Shows compassion to patients

6.2 Exercise honesty

6.3 Shows empathy to the patients

7. Apply ethical/legal/moral standards in dental practice

7.1 Applies the code of ethics in dentistry

7.2 Applies the principles of jurisprudence in the practice of Dentistry

7.3 Pays taxes and other obligations

ARTICLE V

Curriculum

SECTION 6. Curriculum Description. —

The Dentistry program consists of courses arranged from Pre-Dental in the first two years, Basic Medical and Dental sciences, Pre-Clinical subjects in the next two years and Clinical Training in the last two years. The student is required to complete the 4-year residency on a regular semestral basis.

The minimum requirements for the Dentistry curriculum are flexible depending on the needs of the profession and in accordance with the Policies and Standards of CHED.

SECTION 7. Curriculum Outline. —

		Units	Total
I	Two-year Pre-dental Curriculum		108
A.	Language/Humanities		21
	English	6
	Filipino	6
	Humanities subjects	9
	(Logic, Philosophy, Literature)
B.	Mathematics, Natural Sciences		12
	and Information Technology
	Mathematics	3
	Basic Statistics with Epidemiology	3
	Science, Technology & Society	3
	Computer	3
	Natural Sciences **		25
	Zoology
	Vertebrates/Invertebrates	5
	Botany	5
	Chemistry
	Inorganic	5
	Organic	5
	Physics	5
C.	Social Sciences		21
	Health Ethics	3
	Psychology	3
	Socio/Anthropology	3
	Life and Works of Rizal	3
	Health Economics w/TLR	3
	Philippine Government &
	Constitution	3
	Philippine History	3
D.	Human Health Sciences		15
	Genetics	5
	Human Anatomy and Physiology	5
	Primary Health Care	5
E.	Physical Education		6
F.	National Service Training Program (NSTP)	8
II	Four-Year Dentistry Curriculum		173
A.	Basic Medical Sciences		37
	General Anatomy I	5
	Biochemistry	5
	General Microscopic Anatomy
	and Embryology	4
	General Anatomy II	5
	General Physiology with Planning	4
	Nutrition	2
	Microbiology	3
	General Pathology	4
	Pharmacology	3
	Principles of Medicine	2
B.	Basic Dental Sciences *		73
	Oral Anatomy	4
	Dental History and Orientation	2
	Computer Fundamentals and
	Dental Informatics	3
	Oral Microscopic Anatomy
	and Embryology	4
	Dental Materials	3
	Restorative Dentistry I	4
	Prosthodontics I (FPD)	4
	Oral Physiology and Occlusion	3
	Oral Pathology I	4
	Prosthodontics II (RPD)	4
	Prosthodontics III (CD)	4
	Anaesthesiology	3
	Orthodontics I	3
	Roentgenology	3
	Oral Surgery I	2
	Oral Diagnosis and Treatment
	Planning	2
	Endodontics	3
	Research I-Methods of Research	2
	Periodontology	2
	Oral Surgery II	2
	Research II-Research Presentation	2
	Practice Management and
	Entrepreneurship	2
	Oral Pathology II (Oncology)	3
	Forensic Dentistry	1
	Dental Jurisprudence and
	Ethics	2
	Pediatric Dentistry with
	Child Psychology	2
C.	Pre-Clinical Subjects		6
	Restorative Dentistry II	3
	Orthodontics II	3
D.	Clinical Dentistry		43
	Clinical Dentistry I	6
	Clinical Dentistry II	6
	Clinical Dentistry III	10
	Clinical Dentistry IV	10
	Current Trends in Dentistry	1
	Special Studies:
	Ortho-Pedo Seminar I	1
	Prosthodontics Seminar 1	1
	Restorative Dentistry Seminar I	1
	Oral Surgery Seminar	2
	Ortho-Pedo Seminar II	1
	Prosthodontics Seminar II	1
	Restorative Dentistry Seminar II 1
	Endo-Perio Seminar	2
E.	Hospital Dentistry		6
	Hospital Dentistry I	3
	Hospital Dentistry II	3
F.	Community Dentistry		8
	Community Dentistry I	2
	Community Dentistry II	3
	Community Dentistry III	3
	TOTAL	173

 

* Basic Dental Sciences can also be considered Pre-Clinical courses as follows:

 Prosthodontics I (FPD), Prosthodontics II (RPD), Prosthodontics III (CD) and Endodontics

** Natural sciences should have a minimum of 25 units

SECTION 8. Program of Study. —

TWO-YEAR PRE-DENTAL CURRICULUM

FIRST YEAR
1st Semester
Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
Inorganic Chemistry	3	2	5
General Physics	3	2	5
Communication and Study Skills in English	3	0	3
Sining ng Komunikasyon	3	0	3
Philippine History, Culture & Current Issues	3	0	3
College Algebra	3	0	3
Physical Education I	2	0	2
			–––
		TOTAL	24
			===
2nd Semester
Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
Organic Chemistry	3	2	5
General Zoology	3	2	5
College Reading and Writing	3	0	3
Politics and Governance	3	0	3
Fundamentals of Logic and Ethics	3	0	3
Kasanayan sa Malikhaing Pagpapahayag	3	0	3
Science, Technology and Society	3	0	3
NSTP I (ROTC, CWTS)	3	0	3
Physical Education 2	2	0	2
			–––
		TOTAL	30
			===
SECOND YEAR
1st Semester
Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
Elementary Botany	3	2	5
General Psychology	3	0	3
Philippine Literature	3	0	3
Human Anatomy and Physiology	3	2	5
Health Care	3	2	5
Health Economics w/TLR	3	0	3
NSTP 2 (ROTC, CWTS)	3	0	3
Physical Education 3	2	0	2
			–––
		TOTAL	29
			===
2nd Semester
Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
Genetics	3	2	5
Basic Statistics	3	0	3
Introduction to Computer	3	0	3
Sociology-Anthropology	3	0	3
Philosophy of Man	3	0	3
Life and Works of Rizal	3	0	3
Health Ethics	3	0	3
Physical Education 4	2	0	2
			–––
		TOTAL	25
			===

 

DOCTOR OF DENTAL MEDICINE

Minimum Curriculum Requirements

FIRST YEAR
1st Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
General Anatomy I	3	2	5
Biochemistry	3	2	5
General Microscopic Anatomy
	and Embryology	2	2	4
Oral Anatomy	2	2	4
Dental History and Orientation	2	0	2
Computer Fundamentals and
	Dental Informatics	3	0	3
				–––
			TOTAL	23
				===
2nd Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
General Anatomy II	3	2	5
Oral Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology	2	2	4
General Physiology with Family Planning	2	2	4
Dental Materials	2	1	3
Nutrition	2	0	2
Microbiology	2	1	3
Community Dentistry I	2	0	2
				–––
			TOTAL	23
				===
SECOND YEAR
1st Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
General Pathology	2	2	4
Pharmacology	2	1	3
Restorative Dentistry I	2	2	4
Prosthodontics I (FPD)	2	2	4
Roentgenology	2	1	3
Oral Physiology and Occlusion	3	0	3
				–––
			TOTAL	21
				===
2nd Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Units
Oral Pathology I	2	2	4
Restorative Dentistry II	2	1	3
Prosthodontics II (RPD)	2	2	4
Prosthodontics III (CD)	2	2	4
Anesthesiology	2	1	3
Orthodontics I	1	1	3
				–––
			TOTAL	21
				===
THIRD YEAR
1st Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Clinic	Units
				Hours
Oral Surgery I	2	0	-	2
Oral Diagnosis and Treatment Planning	2	0	-	2
Endodontics	2	1	-	3
Orthodontics II	2	1	-	3
Research I (Methods of Research)	2	0	-	3
Principles of Medicine	2	0	-	2
Periodontology	2	0	-	2
Clinical Dentistry I	-	-	18	6
					–––
			TOTAL		22
					===
2nd Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Clinic	Units
				Hours
Oral Surgery II	2	0	-	2
Research II-Research Presentation	2	0	-	2
Practice Management with
	Entrepreneurship	2	0	-	2
Oral Pathology II-(Oncology	3	0	-	3
Forensic Dentistry	1	0	-	1
Dental Jurisprudence and Ethics	2	0	-	2
Pediatric Dentistry with Child Psychology	2	0	-	2
Clinical Dentistry II	-	-	18	6
					–––
			TOTAL		20
					===
FOURTH YEAR
1st Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Clinic/	Units
				Hosp.
				Duty/
				Field
				Work
				Hours
Hospital Dentistry I	1	2	6	3
Community Dentistry II	2	1	3	3
Current Trends in Dentistry	1	0	-	1
Special Studies:
Oral Surgery Seminar	2	0	-	2
Ortho-Pedo Seminar I	1	0	-	1
Prosthodontics Seminar I	1	0	-	1
Restorative Dentistry Seminar I	I	0	-	1
Clinical Dentistry III	-	0	30	10
					–––
			TOTAL		22
					===
2nd Semester
	Subjects	Lec	Lab	Clinic/	Units
				Hosp.
				Duty/
				Field
				Work
				Hours
Hospital Dentistry II	1	2	6	3
Community Dentistry III	1	2	6	3
Special Studies:
Ortho-Pedo Seminar II	1	0	-	1
Prosthodontics Seminar II	1	0	-	1
Restorative Dentistry Seminar II	1	0	-	1
Endo-Perio Seminar	2	0	-	2
Clinical Dentistry IV	-	0	30	10
					–––
			TOTAL		21
					===

 

ARTICLE VI

Course Specifications

SECTION 9.
Course Name	:	GENERAL ANATOMY I (REGIONAL
		ANATOMY)
Course Description	:	This subject deals with the architecture
		and interrelation of the different parts of
		the body obtained by gross dissection and
		studied by regions involving the different
		tissues such as bones, muscles,
		nerves, blood vessels and different visceral
		organs which constitute a systemic
		anatomical knowledge and form the basis
		for clinical study.
Course Credit	:	5 units- 3 units lecture; 2 units laboratory
Hours	:	3 lecture hours; 6 laboratory hours per
		week
Pre-requisite	:	Zoology, Anatomy
Placement	:	1st year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:	1.	To present to the students of dentistry a
			detailed account of the structures of
			the different organs that form the
			different systems of the human body.
		2.	To provide an intensive foundation of
			anatomical knowledge to meet the
			needs of its application in clinical
			context.
Course Outline	:	Course Outline:
			1.	Introduction to Anatomy- Definition
				1.1	Anatomical Terminology
			2.	Skeletal System
				2.1	Classification of Bones
				2.2	Markings on Bones
				2.3	Bones of the Upper Extremities
				2.4	Bones of the Lower Extremities
				2.5	Bones of the Thorax
			3.	Muscular System
				3.1	Muscles of the Upper Extremities
				3.2	Muscles of the Lower Extremities
				3.3	Muscles of the Thorax and
					Respiratory Muscles
				3.4	Muscles of the Abdomen and
					Perineum
			4.	Visceral Organs
				4.1	Anatomy of the Heart
				4.2	Anatomy of the Lung
				4.3	Anatomy of the Esophagus,
					Stomach, Small and Large
					Intestines
				4.4	Anatomy of the Liver, Pancreas
					and Gall bladder
				4.5	Anatomy of the Kidney
				4.6	Anatomy of Male and Female
					Reproductive Organs
			5.	Endocrine Glands
			6.	Circulatory System
				6.1	Arterial Supply
				6.2	Venous Drainage
			7.	Innervation
				7.1	Brachial Plexus
				7.2	Lumbar Plexus
				7.3	Spinal Nerves
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, human cadaver,
Materials		dissecting set, anatomical models,
		skeletons, laboratory gowns.
Textbook and	:	Textbooks:
References			1.	Henry Gray, Anatomy Textbook.
				19th ed. Churchill Livingstone,
				2004
		Suggested References:
			1.	W. Henry Hollinshead, Anatomy
				Textbook
			2.	Cunningham, Anatomy Textbook
			3.	Snell, Richard, Clinical Anatomy,
				Little, Brown and Company
			4.	Anne Agur, Grant, Atlas of Human
				Anatomy, William and Wilkins,
				1998
			5.	Seeley, Stephens and Tate, Essentials
				of Anatomy and Physiology
Course Name	:	GENERAL ANATOMY II (HEAD AND
		NECK)
Course Description	:	This course deals with the thorough study
		of the head and neck with anatomical
		details on the skull, face, oral cavity and
		other maxillofacial structures.
Course Credit	:	5 units — 3 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	3 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Anatomy I
Placement	:	1st year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:	1.	To have a thorough working knowledge
			of the different maxillofacial structures
			and correlate them with other fields of
			dentistry.
	2.	To apply the anatomical knowledge of
		head and neck in clinical context.
Course Outline
		1.	Skeletal System of the Head and Neck
		2.	Temporo-Mandibular Joint
		3.	Musculature of the Head and Neck
		4.	Salivary Glands and Accessory Glands
			of the Oral Cavity
		5.	Oral Cavity
		6.	Pharynx and Larynx
		7.	Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
		8.	Sensory organs
		9.	Vascular supply of Head and Neck
		10.	Central and Peripheral Nervous System
		11.	Venous Drainage of the Head and Neck
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, human cadaver,
Materials		dissecting set, anatomical models, skeletons,
		laboratory gown
Textbook and	:	Textbook:
References			1.	Henry Gray, Anatomy Textbook. 19th
				ed. Churchill Livingstone, 2004
		Suggested References:
			1.	W. Henry Hollinshead, Anatomy
				Textbook
			2.	Snell, Richard, Clinical Anatomy,
				Little, Brown and Company
			3.	Anne Agur, Grant, Atlas of Human
				Anatomy, William and Wilkins,
Course Name	:	GENERAL MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY
		AND EMBRYOLOGY
Course Description	:	This course deals with the biological
		structures of functionally complex
		integrated cells and tissues that compose
		the human organ system. It includes the
		basic concept of embryonic development
		of the basic types of tissues.
Course Credit	:	4 units (2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory)
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Zoology
Placement	:	1st year; 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To understand how cells function in the
				complex interactive system that makes
				up the tissues and organs of the body.
			2.	To develop a sense of responsibility
				towards analytical methods of studying
				microscopical structures of cells and
				tissue components in relation to
				clinical application.
Course Outline	:
			1.	Definition of Terms
			2.	Microscopy
			3.	Cell Biology
			4.	Basic Types of Tissue
				4.1	Epithelial tissue
				4.2	Connective tissue
				4.3	Muscular tissue
				4.4	Neural tissue
				4.5	Vascular tissue
			5.	Visceral Organ
			6.	Salivary Glands
			7.	Development
				7.1	Digestive organs
				7.2	Respiratory organs
				7.3	Excretory and Reproductive organs
				7.4	Neural organs
				7.5	Sensory organs
		Endocrine Glands
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, microscope, slides
Materials
Textbook and	:	Textbooks:
References			1.	Bloom and Fawcette, Textbook of
				Histology
		Suggested References:
			l.	David Cormack. Histology
			2.	Jienqueira, Cornero. Basic Histology
Course Name	:	BIOCHEMISTRY
Course Description	:	Deals with study of chemistry of the
		biomolecules in the human body and all
		underlying biochemical processes related
		to dentistry.
Course Credit	:	5 units — 3 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	3 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory
Pre-requisite	:	Chemistry I and 11 (Organic and Inorganic
		Chemistry)
Placement	:	1st year 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To understand the metabolism of the
				different biomolecules and underlying
				mechanisms in the body.
			2.	To recognize the different oral
				pathological conditions arising from
				disturbances in the normal mechanism
				of the biomolecular structures in the
				body.
Course Outline	:	Course Outline:
			1.	Definition of Terms
			2.	Cell and Its Components
			3.	Active Transport of Substances
			4.	Bioenergetics
			5.	Metabolism
				5.1	Carbohydrates
				5.2	Proteins
				5.3	Lipids
				5.4	Vitamins and Minerals
			6.	Enzymes
			7.	Structure of DNA and RNA
			8.	Blood Chemistry
			9.	Urine
			10.	Stools
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, microscopes, slides,
Materials		test tubes, different reagents, beakers,
		Erlenmeyer flask, weighing balance, filter
		paper, Bunsen burner, graduated cyclinder,
		pipettes, evaporating dish, Petri dishes, blood
		specimen, hemocytometer, centrifugal machine,
		urine and stool samples
Textbook and	:	Textbooks:
References			Voet, Donald. Biochemistry
		Suggested References:
			White. Biochemistry
			C.K. Matthews. Biochemistry
Course Name	:	ORAL ANATOMY
Course Description	:	The study of the morphology of deciduous
		and permanent dentition, the macroscopic
		or gross structure of the human teeth,
		their contact with each other in the dental
		arches, alignment, occlusion including
		growth and development of the skull and
		jaws.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	None
Placement	:	1st year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To describe, distinguish and identify
				the external and internal morphology of
				the teeth and their relationship to the
				surrounding and supporting tissues;
			2.	To acquire the skills in tooth carving
				and drawing with precision to develop
				manual dexterity
			3.	To help student appreciate the
				characteristics of the teeth and the jaw.
Course Outline				1.	General considerations — Dental
					formula using the 2-digit system
					and other notations for tooth
					identification.
				2.	Formation and Physiology of
					the Deciduous and Permanent
					Dentition
				3.	The deciduous and permanent
					dentition
				4.	Occlusion
Equipment and	:	Wax, soap, vernier calipers, graphing
Materials		paper, ruler and pencil
Textbook and	:	Wheeler's Dental Anatomy, Physiology,
References		and Occlusion By Ash Major (W.B.
		Saunders Co.) 7th edition, 1997
Course Name	:	COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS AND
		DENTAL INFORMATICS
Course Description	:	The principles and programs of computer
		as applied to the practice of dentistry.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 3 units lecture with hands-on
Contact Hours	:	3 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Basic Computer course from General
		Education courses
Placement	:	1st year; 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
		1.	To apply the basic concept and
			principles in the use of information
			technology.
		2.	To be able to use information
			technology in relation to dentistry.
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction
			2.	Review of IT concepts and principles
			3.	Application and Usage of IT in
				Dentistry
Equipment and	:	Computers, softwares and hardwares,
Materials		internet access, CD Roms.
Textbook and	:	1.	Introduction to Computers, 5th edition,
References			Peter, Norton ed., McGraw Hill, New
			York, c 2004
		2.	Computer Concepts (New
			Perspectives) 5th edition, June Jamrich
			Parsons and Dan Oja, c 2002, Thomson
			Learning, Singapore.
		3.	Computers, Information Technology in
			Perspective, Larry Long and Nancy
			Long, 10th edition, Prentice J Hall c
			2002, New Jersey.
		4.	Windows XP Professional Complete,
			Fugazzotto and Dendy eds., Sybex,
			California, c 2002
		5.	Mastering Office XP Premium Edition,
			Gini Courter, et al., Sybex, California,
			c 2001
Course Name	:	ORAL MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY AND
		EMBRYOLOGY
Course Description	:	Study of microscopic structures of
		oral/dental tissues. This deals with the
		detailed histologic structures of the teeth
		and its associated structures with emphasis
		on its development and clinical considerations.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture; 6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Anatomy, General Microscopic
		Anatomy and Embryology
Placement	:	1st year; 1st semester
Course Objectives	:	To identify the different histologic
		structures of the dental/oral tissues and
		appreciate their importance in relation to
		clinical practice.
Course Outline	:	1.	Embryology of the face and oral cavity
			1.1	Glossogenesis
			1.2	Odontogenesis
		2.	Development of the palate
		3.	Temporomandibular joint
		4.	Enamel
		5.	Dentin
		6.	Cementum
		7.	Pulp
		8.	Periodontal ligament
		9.	Bone and alveolar bone
		10.	Oral mucosa
Equipment and	:	Microscope, slides, graphing paper, colored
Materials		pencil
Textbook and	:	Orban's Oral Histology and Embryology
References		By B. Orban, latest edition
Course Name	:	GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY WITH FAMILY
		PLANNING
Course Description	:	This course deals with the integration of the
		different cells and organs into a functional
		human body with emphasis given to the
		practical application to dentistry together with
		the integration of items on Family Planning.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Anatomy I
Placement	:	1st year; 1st semester
Course Objectives	:	1.	To understand the functional mechanism of
			the different structures and organs of the
			body.
		2.	To develop a working knowledge on the
			basic concept on how regulatory system of
			the body control functions to maintain
			homeostasis.
		3.	To cultivate information, make
			reasonable analysis and incorporate
			critical thinking activities to help
			students apply their knowledge in
			clinical context.
Course Outline	:
		1.	Structural and Functional Organization
		2.	Homeostasis
		3.	Cell Structures and their Functions
		4.	Nerve Physiology
			4.1	Central Nervous System
			4.2	Motor Function
			4.3	Peripheral Nervous System
			4.4	Autonomic Nervous System
			4.5	Sensory Function
		5.	Muscle Physiology
			5.1	Physiology of Muscle Contraction
			5.2	Fatigue and Rigor
		6.	Cardiovascular Physiology
			6.1	Composition and Functions of Blood
			6.2	Structures and Functions of the Heart
			6.3	Blood Pressure
			6.4	Regulation of Heart Actions
		7.	Physiology of Respiration
			7.1	Types and Phases of Respiration
			7.2	Lung Volumes
			7.3	Control of Respiration
			7.4	Abnormal Reflexes
		8.	Physiology of the Digestive System
			8.1	Organs of Digestion and Functions
			8.2	Saliva and Regulation of Salivary Flow
		9.	Renal Function
			9.1	Acid-Base Balance Mechanism
			9.2	Urine Formation
		10.	Physiology of Male and Female
			Reproductive Organs
			10.1	Hormones Secreted and Functions
		11.	Endocrine Glands
		12.	Vitamins and Minerals
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, microscope, slides,
Materials		blood specimen, urine, experimental
		animal, hemocytometer, kymograph,
		tongue depressor, rubber mallet, flash
		light, stop watch, laboratory reagents,
		staining materials, glass slides, test tube,
		test tube rack, filter paper, capillary tube,
		sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
Textbook and	:	Textbook:
References			Guyton, Arthur. Medical Physiology
		Suggested References:
			Ganong. Physiology
			Best and Taylor. Physiological Basis
			for Medical Practice
Course Name	:	DENTAL MATERIALS
Course Description	:	The study of the physical and chemical
		properties of the metallic and non-metallic
		materials used in Dentistry, including the
		manipulation and uses of the different
		dental materials, and the different
		variables that affect the properties of the
		dental materials.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, I unit laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture; 3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Anatomy
Placement	:	2nd year; 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:	1.	To present the basic chemical and
			physical properties of the dental
			materials.
		2.	To introduce and distinguish the
			different types of dental materials and
			their manipulation in relation to Dentistry.
Course Outline	:
		1.	Introduction — History of dental
			materials, structure of matter, physical
			properties of dental materials, color,
			thermal property, biological considerations
		2.	Gypsum products
		3.	Impression materials
		4.	Metals
		5.	Dental cements
		6.	Resins
		7.	Waxes and Casting
Equipment and	:	All dental materials, spatula, glass slabs,
Materials		plaster bowl, alcohol lamp and articulator.
Textbook and	:	Textbooks
References			Philip's Science of Dental Materials
			By Kenneth L. Anusavice, latest edition
		Suggested References:
			Skinner, Dental Materials
			All textbooks and journals related to
			dental materials
Course Name	:	NUTRITION
Course Description	:	Nutrition deals with physical, chemical
		and biological processes that develop and
		renew tissues of the body by absorption
		and assimilation of food materials. It
		relates the importance of nutrition to
		dental health especially during the
		formation and maturation of tooth
		development.
Course Credit	:	2 units — 2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Biochemistry
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
		1.	To identify the different nutrients
			needed by the human body and relate
			its importance to dentistry.
		2.	To know the importance of nutrition
			during the prenatal life.
		3.	To recognize the nutritional factors that
			affect tooth development.
Course Outline	:	1.	Composition of Cells
		2.	Process of Digestion
		3.	Classification of Nutrients
		4.	Process of Metabolism
		5.	Normal Requirements of the Different
			Nutrients
		6.	Malnutrition
		7.	Effects of Nutrition for the Soft and
			Hard Dental Tissues
		8.	Role of Flourides in Nutrition and
			Dental Health
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets,
Materials		hand-outs and microscope
Textbook and	:	Textbooks
References			Nizel and Papas. Nutrition in Clinical
			Dentistry
		Selected References:
			All reference materials about Nutrition
Course Name	:	MICROBIOLOGY
Course Description	:	A basic course on the biology of
		pathogenic microorganisms which include
		bacteria, virus, fungi, rickettsiae,
		helminthes and others in relation to oral
		health.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 unit laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Physiology
Placement	:	1st year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:	To understand the microbiology of oral
		and non-oral infectious diseases including
		pathogenesis, etiology, diagnosis,
		prevention and therapy and its relation to
		Dentistry.
Course Outline	:
			1.	Characterization and Identification of
				Microbes
			2.	Microscopical Examination of Microbes
			3.	Physiology of Microorganisms
			4.	Airborne diseases
			5.	Viral Infection
			6.	Microbiota of the Oral Cavity
			7.	Immunology
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, microscopes, slides,
Materials		wire loop, staining materials, culture
		media and laboratory reagents.
Textbook and	:	Textbooks
References			Felizar, Michael, Microbiology
		Suggested References:
			Textbooks related to Microbiology
Course Name	:	COMMUNITY DENTISTRY I
Course Description	:	Concepts and principles of community
		dentistry and an introduction to
		biostatistics and epidemiology.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	None
Placement	:	1st year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To learn the basic concepts and
				principles of community dentistry
				biostatistics and epidemiology
			2.	To acquire the skills in the interpretation
				of oral health indices relevant to
				community dentistry
Course Outline	:
			1.	Definition of Terms
			2.	Biostatistics
			3.	Epidemiology
			4.	Prevalence, Incidence, Morbidity and
				Mortality
			5.	Types of Indices
			6.	Types of statistical techniques
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual equipment
Materials
Textbook and		Dental Public Health and Community Dentistry
References		by Anthony Jong Primary Preventive Dentistry
		by Harris and Christen
		Manual in Community Dentistry and Dental
		Health Education by Corpus

Course Name	:	GENERAL PATHOLOGY
Course Description		General Pathology is the study of the
		origin and the basic reaction of cells or
		tissues to abnormal stimuli underlying all
		diseases with emphasis on the pathologic
		processes of the oral cavity.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Physiology with Family Planning,
		General Anatomy I & II and Biochemistry
Placement	:	2nd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	Define and explain the fundamental
				aspects of a disease process and to
				integrate basic mechanism in the clinical
				diagnosis of a particular disease.
			2.	Determine the appropriate assessment of
				diseases commonly encountered by
				dentist.
Course Outline	:
			1.	Introduction
			2.	Cellular Injury and cell death
			3.	Glandular Disorders
			4.	Inflammation and repair
			5.	Genetic Disorders
			6.	Immunologic Disorders
			7.	Neoplasia
			8.	Nutritional Disorders
			9.	Infectious Diseases
			10.	Skin Disorders
			11.	Cardiovascular Disorders
			12.	Respiratory Disorders
			13.	Gastrointestinal Disorders
			14.	Reproductive Disorders
Equipment and	:	Audio-Visual Facilities, Compound
Materials		Microscope — Slides on the subject matter
		and staining reagent.
Textbook and		Textbooks
References			1.	Robins, Pathologic Basis of Disease
		Suggested References:
			1.	Color Atlas of Histopathology, R.C.
				Curran, 4th revised edition, 2000, Oxford
				University Press
			2.	Radiation Pathology, 2001, Fajardo
				L.G., Berthong/R.E. Anderson, Oxford
				University Press
			3.	Head and Neck Histology and Anatomy,
				2000, S.K. Smith/N.S. Karst Appleton
				and Lange
			4.	Dermatology in Systemic Disease, 2001,
				B.R.-Smoller/T.D, Horn, Oxford
				University Press
			5.	Immunology, 6th edition, 2001, I,
				Roitt, J. Brostoff, D. Male Churchill
				Livingstone
			6.	Jawetz, Melrich, Adelberg Medical
				Microbiology, 22nd edition, 2001, G.F.
				Brooks, J.S. Butel, S.A. Morse,
				McGraw Hill
			7.	Diagnostic Pathology of Parasitic
				Infections with Clinical Correlation,
				2nd edition, Y. Gutierrez, Oxford
				University Press
Course Name	:	RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY I
Course Description	:		The principles of cavity preparation and
		the manipulation of filling materials necessary
		for the restoration of carious teeth.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Anatomy, Dental Materials, Oral
		Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology
Placement	:	2nd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
		1.	To acquire the basic operative principles
			in cavity preparation.
		2.	To achieve the required skills and dexterity
			necessary to start a pre-clinical restorative
			practices in relation to other disciplines in
			dentistry.
Course Outline	:
		1.	Nomenclature and fundamental concepts
			of operative procedures
		2.	Instrumentation and general principles
			for cavity preparation
		3.	Intermediary bases
		4.	Cavity preparation — Class I, II, III, IV, V
			and its modifications
		5.	Different kinds of filling
			materials/restorations
		6.	Amalgam restorations
		7.	Composite resins
		8.	Light cured composite resins
		9.	Glass ionomer cements
Equipment and	:	Simulators, mannequins, handpiece,
Materials		amalgamator, light cure, typodonts,
		other hand instruments
Textbook and	:	Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative
References		Dentistry by Theodore M. Roberson, 4th
		edition, 2002
Course Name	:	PROSTHODONTICS I (FIXED PARTIAL
		DENTURE)
Course Description	:	Study of fixed partial prosthesis considering
		the biological requirements for restoring the
		normal oral functions and aesthetics.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Dental Materials
Placement	:	2nd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To develop the skills in making accurate
				diagnosis for jacket crowns and fixed
				partial prosthesis and to formulate a
				concise treatment plan;
			2.	To describe the different principles of
				tooth preparation and the indications and
				contraindications of the different types of
				artificial crowns and fixed partial
				restorations.
Course Outline	:
			1.	Overview of fixed partial prosthesis
			2.	Diagnosis and treatment planning
			3.	Principles of tooth preparation
			4.	Artificial crowns
			5.	Fixed partial prosthesis
			6.	Indication of Different Cements
			7.	Clinical aspects and troubleshooting
Equipment and	:	Articulators, typodont, model casts,
Materials		handpiece, cements, spatula, glass slab and
		hand instruments
Textbook and		Johnston, Modern Practice-in Crown and
References		Bridge, 4th ed.
Course Name	:	ORAL PHYSIOLOGY AND OCCLUSION
Course Description	:	The physiology of the stomatognathic system
		and occlusion and its application to dental
		practice.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 3 hours lecture
Contact Hours	:	3 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Physiology and Biochemistry
Placement	:	2nd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:	To describe the different structures and
		functions of the oral cavity and the
		importance of physiologic processes in the
		oral cavity.
Course Outline	:
			1.	Anatomy of oral cavity
			2.	Stomatognathic system and its primary
				functions
			3.	Physiology of teeth and its supporting
				tissues — normal and pathologic
			4.	Secretions of the oral cavity
			5.	Mechanism of tooth eruption
			6.	Occlusion
			7.	Temporomandibular articulation
			8.	Wound healing
Equipment and	:	Skull model, articulator
Materials
Textbook and	:	Jenkins, G. The Physiology and Biochemistry
References		of the Mouth, 4th Ed.
	:	Lavelle, Applied Oral Physiology
Course Name	:	PHARMACOLOGY
Course Description	:	Pharmacology deals with mechanism of drug
		action on living tissue that is used in
		prevention and treatment of diseases.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Physiology with Family Planning
		and Biochemistry
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To learn the indications and
				contraindications of drugs.
			2.	To know the different action of drugs
				used in Dentistry.
			3.	To learn how to write prescription of
				drugs.
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction
			2.	Characterization of drug actions
			3.	Routes of administration
			4.	Pharmacokinetics
				4.1	drug absorption
				4.2	drug distribution
				4.3	mechanism of action
				4.4	drug termination
			5.	Classification of Drugs used in Dentistry
			6.	Pharmacodynamics
Equipment and	:	Audio-Visual Facilities, Experimental animals,
Materials		weighing scales, calculators, laboratory reagent,
		syringes, stop watch, individual observation
		cages, gloves and indicated drugs.
Textbook and		Textbooks:
References		Holroyd, Wynn, Requa-Clark Pharmacology
		in Dental Practice, 4th edition, C.V. Mosby
		Company, 1988
		Suggested Reference:
			1.	Cawson, R.A. Spector, Ray and Shelly
				Anna Basic Pharmacology and
				Clinical Drug Use in Dentistry, 8th
				edition (London: Churchill 2000)
			2.	Mcromack, James, et al., Drug
				Therapy and Decision Making
				(Philadelphia;
				WB Sauders, 1996)
			3.	Gage, Tommy and Pickett, Frida
				Dental Drug Response (St. Louis:
				Mosby, 1994)
			4.	Gilmans, Alfred, et al., Goodmans and
				Gilman Pharmacological Basic of
				Therapeutics, 8th edition (New York:
				McGrow Hill, Vol. I and II)
			5.	Cowan, Fred Dental Pharmacology,
				2nd edition (Philadelphia: Lee
				& Febiger, 1999)
Course Name	:	ORAL PATHOLOGY I
Course Description	:	The study that deals with the gross and
		microscopic abnormalities, as well as the
	:	clinical manifestations of oral diseases.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Pathology; Oral Microscopic
		Anatomy and Embryology
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:	To identify and classify different diseases of
		the oral cavity based on their clinical signs
		and symptoms with emphasis on their
		histopathologic features as differentiated
		from normal structures.
Course Outline	:		1.	Development disturbances of the teeth
			2.	Hard tooth tissue reduction
			3.	Traumatic injuries of the teeth
			4.	Dental caries
			5.	Diseases of the pulp
			6.	Odontogenic infections
			7.	Cysts of the oral region
			8.	White lesions
			9.	Metabolic disturbances
			10.	Viral diseases
			11.	Bacterial diseases
			12.	HIV infection
Equipment and	:	Slides, microscopes, graphing paper, pencil,
Materials		clinical slides, radiographs,
Textbook and		A Textbook of Oral Pathology By Shafer,
References		William, et al., 5th edition
		Oral Pathology by Regezi and Sciuba 3rd edition
Course Name	:	RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY II
Course Description		Technical procedures in restoring lost tooth
		structure to their proper form, function
		and aesthetics using live patient and typodont.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 unit laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Restorative Dentistry I
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
		1.	To know the importance of oral
			prophylaxis as an integral component of
			good operative dentistry program;
		2.	To describe and compare the different
			treatment options that may be considered
			in restorative dental care and the choice
			and manipulation of restorative materials.
Course Outline	:		1.	Oral prophylaxis
			2.	Amalgam restoration: A Review
			3.	Inlay preparations and restorations
			4.	Onlay restorations
			5.	Seven-eight crown preparation
			6.	Class IV light cured resin restoration
			7.	Other conservative aesthetic treatment
				options
			8.	Pin-retained restorations
Equipment and		Typodont, hand instruments, handpiece, burs,
Materials		and restorative materials
Textbook and	:	Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative
References		Dentistry By Theodore M. Roberson, 4th
		edition, 2002
Course Name	:	PROSTHODONTICS II (REMOVABLE
		PARTIAL PROSTHODONTICS)
Course Description	:	The basic principles of restoring missing
		teeth and associated structures of partially
		edentulous dental arches with removable
		prosthesis. This course also includes
		designing, prescription writing and the
		selection of the appropriate biocompatible
		materials
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Prosthodontics I
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:	To have a clear understanding of the basic
		concepts and principles and their applications
		of the removable partial denture prosthodontics;
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction — definition of terms,
				objectives, indications and
				contraindications, sequelae
			2.	Classification of partially edentulous
				arches
			3.	Classification and types, components,
				pontics, bases, metal framework
			4.	Surveying
			5.	Direct retainers
			6.	Major and minor connectors
			7.	Indirect retainers
			8.	Rest and rest seats and proximal plates
			9.	Principles of partial denture designing
			10.	Examination, diagnosis and treatment
				planning
			11.	Mouth preparations
			12.	Maxillomandibular relations
			13.	Insertion, and adjustment procedures and
				patient education
Equipment and	:	Dental surveyor, model casts, waxes, hand
Materials		instruments, alcohol lamp, wax carver and
		etc.
Textbook and	:	Mc Craken, latest edition
References
Course Name	:	PROSTHODONTICS III COMPLETE
		PROSTHODONTICS)
Course Description	:	A study of rehabilitation of completely
		edentulous patient based on the principle of
		biomechanics and aesthetics using
		appropriate biocompatible materials.
Course Credit	:	4 units — 2 units lecture, 2 units lab
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/6 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Prosthodontics I and II
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To describe the actual procedures in the
				construction of complete denture;
			2.	To identify the various dental materials
				needed for complete denture
				construction;
			3.	To acquire necessary background to
				make appropriate judgments for
				comprehensive patient management of
				completely edentulous: patients.
Course Outline	:
		1.	Introduction — definition of terms,
			indications and contraindications, for
			complete denture
		2.	Review of the anatomy and physiology of
			the stomatognathic system
		3.	Tissue response to complete dentures and
			sequelae
		4.	Preparation of patient
		5.	Clinical and laboratory procedures in
			complete denture construction
		6.	Supplemental prosthodontic procedures
			for edentulous patient
		7.	Rehabilitation of edentulous patients with
			special dentures alternative treatment,
			modalities and latest trends.
Equipment and		Dental surveyor, model casts, waxes, hand
Materials		instruments, alcohol lamp, wax carver and
		etc.
Textbook and		Boucher's Prosthodontic Treatment for
References		Edentulous Patients By Hickey, Zarb and
		Bolender, 11th edition, 2001
Course Name	:	ANESTHESIOLOGY
Course Description	:	The principles and techniques of regional
		anesthesia in dental practice and the study of
		the pharmacology of different local
		anesthetics used in dentistry. It also includes
		topics regarding general anesthesia and
		conscious sedation.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture; 1 unit lab.
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours, 3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Pharmacology
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
		1.	To understand pain and its implications in
			the effectiveness of local anesthesia;
		2.	To enable students to learn the proper
			skill in injection techniques and manage
			specific complications that may arise.
Course Outline	:	1.	Pain
		2.	Trigeminal nerve and other related nerve
			structures
		3.	Pre-anesthetic evaluation
		4.	Local anesthesia
		5.	Local anesthetic solutions
		6.	Local anesthetics techniques
		7.	Nerve block
		8.	Complications
		9.	Emergencies
		10.	Conscious Sedation
Equipment and	:	Syringes, needle, anesthetic solution,
Materials		anatomical model, chart of the trigeminal
		nerve
Textbook and	:	Monheim's Local Anesthesia and Pain
References		Control in Dental Practice By Richard
		Bennet, 7th edition
Course Name	:	ORTHODONTICS 1 (GROWTH AND
		DEVELOPMENT)
Course Description	:	Fundamentals of growth and development of
		both normal and abnormal craniofacial
		structures and their relation to the
		stomatognathic system
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 unit lecture, 1 unit laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hour lecture/3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Anatomy, Oral Histology and Oral
		Physiology
Placement	:	2nd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To identify the features of a normal
				occlusion
			2.	The apply the knowledge of growth
				and development in relation to
				orthodontic diagnosis and treatment.
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction
			2.	Definition of terms
			3.	Stomatognathic system
			4.	Growth and development of the head
				and face
			5.	Growth and development of dentition
				and occlusion
			6.	Neuromuscular maturation
			7.	Current trends in Orthodontics
Equipment and	:	Cephalometric and orthopantomogram x-ray,
Materials		articulator, orthodontic casts/models,
		orthodontic pliers, orthodontic wires,
		soldering machine, impression materials
Textbook and	:	Graver, T. M. Orthodontic Principles and
References		Practice Moyers, R.E. Handbook of
		Orthodontics
Course Name	:	ROENTGENOLOGY
Course Description	:	The study of the different types of radiographic
		apparatus, their operations, application and
		maintenance. It also includes the processing,
		mounting, reading and interpretation of the
		radiographs
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 unit laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture/3 hours laboratory per week
Pre-requisite	:	General and Oral Anatomy
Placement	:	2nd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To train clinicians to take, read and
				interpret radiographs;
			2.	To recognize the importance of
				radiographs as primary diagnostic
				tool.
			3.	To know the hazards in the use of
				radiographic machines.
Course Outline	:			1.	Introduction — definition of
					terms, scope of Oral Radiology
				2.	The concepts of ionizing  radiation
				3.	Biological effects of irradiation
				4.	Radiation safety and protection
				5.	Imaging principle
				6.	Infection control
				7.	Radiographic techniques and
					principles
				8.	Recognition of normal anatomy
				9.	Radiographic interpretation of
					pathosis
Textbook and	:		Oral Radiology Principles and
References			Interpretation By P. Goaz and S.C. White,
			3rd edition, 1993 Oral Radiology by Mc
			Call
		All other textbooks and journals related to
		Dental Radiology
Course Name	:	ORAL SURGERY I
Course Description	:	The general principles of surgery and its
		application in dentistry.
Course Credit	:	2 units — 2 hours lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture per week
Pre-requisite	:	Anesthesiology, General and Oral Anatomy,
		Roentgenology, General and Oral Pathology I
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1. To teach students on the fundamental
				principles of surgery
			2.	To know the principles and techniques
				in Oral Surgery particularly those
				pertaining to surgical removal of teeth
				(exodontia).
Course Outline	:		1.	Principles of Surgery
			2.	Armamentarium for surgical procedures
			3.	Exodontia (Use of forceps and elevators)
			4.	Incision and drainage
			5.	Basic emergency procedures
			6.	Management of Infection
			7.	Traumatic injuries of teeth and alveolar
				process
Equipment and	:	Surgical instruments for exodontia, gloves,
Materials		mask, sterile gauze, suturing materials,
		suturing needle, scalpel, surgical scissors,
		radiographs
Textbook and	:		Peterson, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
References			Kruger, Gustav. Oral and Maxillofacial
			Surgery Archer, Oral and Maxillofacial
			Surgery Scully, Oral and Maxillofacial
			Surgery
Course Name	:	ORAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
		PLANNING
Course Description	:	Principles and procedures in making a
		diagnosis and treatment planning
Course Credit	:	2 units — 2 hours lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture per week
Pre-requisite	:	General and Oral Anatomy General and Oral
		Pathology, Roentgenology.
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To learn the mechanics on the
				formulation of diagnosis
			2.	To be able to gather systematically
				pertinent data relative to the clinical
				manifestation of disease.
			3.	To examine and evaluate the collected
				data to formulate an accurate diagnosis.
			4.	To utilize and correlate the different
				diagnostic tools to arrive at a correct
				diagnosis.
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction — Scope and definition,
				case history, clinical examination,
				clinical signs and symptoms
			2.	Diagnostic tools
			3.	Oral examination
Equipment and	:	Radiographs, laboratory test equipment such
Materials		as syringe, needle, microscope, slides.
Textbook and	:		Ash and Millard Oral Diagnosis and
References			Treatment Planning Oral Diagnosis by Cox
Course Name	:	CLINICAL DENTISTRY I
Course Description	:	Clinical application of the basic competencies
		acquired in Restorative Dentistry, Prosthodontics
		and Roentgenology. Clinicians will work on
		actual patients and on typodonts under the close
		supervision of the clinical supervisor.
Course Credit	:	6 units
Contract Hours	:	18 hours clinical practice
Pre-requisite	:	Restorative Dentistry I and II, Prosthodontics
		I, II & III, Roentgenology
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To perform satisfactory cavity
				preparation and condensation using
				different filling materials on both
				patients and typodonts.
			2.	To perform within the minimum
				standards, all the basic clinical
				procedures in Prosthodontics.
			3.	To take periapical radiograph
				correctly.
			4.	To read and interpret the result of the
				periapical radiograph done
			5.	To manage properly patients needing
				conservative and prosthodontic
				treatment.

Clinical Requirements: Prior to the performance of the clinical requirements below, a periapical radiograph is a MUST: DCISAE

Types of Restorations	Clinical Requirements	No. of Cases
Class I Am	Live patients	2
Class II Am	Typodont (Cavity Preparation and	1
	Condensation)	1
	Live patient	1
Class III GIC/Co	Typodont	1
	Live patient	1
Class IV GIC/Co	Typodont	1
	Live patient	1
Class V GIC/Co	Typodont	1
	Live patient	1
Class V Am	Live patient	1
Oral Prophylaxis	Live patient	10
FPD	Typodont Ant.
	(preparation of 2 abutments)	1
	Upper	1
RPD U/L (Designing Only)	Lower	1
Porcelain Jacket Crown	Live patient	1
(Ant.)
Acrylic Jacket Crown (Ant)	Live patient	1
Written Comprehensive
Examination *

* A written Comprehensive Examination must be passed prior to taking up Clinical Dentistry II.

Course Name	:	ORAL SURGERY II
Course Description	:	Study of surgical management of
		complicated extractions, reduction and
		fixation of traumatic injuries of the face and
		jaws and surrounding structures, and other
		conditions related to orthognathic surgery
		and other pathological lesions of the oral
		cavity.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture per week
Pre-requisite	:	General and Oral Pathology, General and
		Oral Anatomy, Anesthesiology,
		Roentgenology, Oral Surgery I
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To learn the different surgical procedures
				performed in oral cavity.
			To adapt appropriate surgical treatment plan.
Course Outline	:			1.	Different anesthetic technique used
					for oral surgical procedures
				2.	Management of wounds
				3.	Principles of complicated
					extraction
				4.	Odontectomy
				5.	Orthodontic surgery
				6.	Endodontic surgery
				7.	Pre-prosthetic surgery
				8.	Surgical management of cystic lesions
				9.	Diseases of salivary glands
				10.	Diseases of maxillary sinus and its
					dental implications
				11.	Management of fractures of maxilla
					and mandible
				12.	Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation
					(CPR)
				13.	Principles of implantology
				14.	Management of neuralgia
Equipment and	:	Surgical instruments for exodontia,
Materials		radiographs, gloves, mask, sterile gauze,
		suturing materials, suturing needle, scalpel,
		surgical scissors, biomaterials, arch bars and
		wires, wire cutters, oxygen, mosquito
		forceps, needle holders, hemostatic forceps,
		hemostatic materials, electocautery
		machine, tongue depressors, suction
		apparatus, sphygmomanometer, stethoscope
Textbook and	:	Petterson — Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
References		Archer — Oral and Maxillofacial, Surgery
		Kruger — Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
		Daniel Laskin — Oral Surgery
Course Name	:	RESEARCH I
Course Description	:	Principles and methods in research and its
		application to dentistry focused on
		developing a research protocol.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Biostatistics
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
		1.	To develop the interest and ability to
			conduct research work
		2.	To inculcate the ability in data
			gathering scientifically
Course Outline	:
		1.	Identification of the problem
		2.	Significance of the study
		3.	Scope, limitation and delimitation
		4.	Review of Related Literatures
		5.	Methodology
		6.	Data Gathering
		7.	Interpretation of Result/Analysis
		8.	Conclusion and Recommendation
Equipment and	:	Journals and related references
Materials
Textbook and	:	Guides/Principles in making a Research
References
Course Name	:	ORAL PATHOLOGY II (ONCOLOGY)    TcHEaI
Course Description	:	The pathology of neoplasm and other
		diseases of the oral cavity and adjacent
		structures with emphasis on diagnostic and
		laboratory procedures.
Course Credit	:	3 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	3 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Pathology I, Oral Diagnosis and
		Treatment Planning, Roentgenology
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
	1.	To develop a comprehensive and
		thorough understanding of the various
		types of oral neoplasms;
	2.	To identify oral neoplasm in relation
		to the total health of the patient.
	3.	To develop the skill to recognize the
		early clinical signs and symptoms of a
		disease.
	4.	To identify the different types of
		tumors in the oral cavity.
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction
			2.	Tumors of odontogenic and
				non-odontogenic origin
			3.	Salivary gland diseases
			4.	Diseases of unknown etiological
				factors
			5.	Hereditary diseases
			6.	Sexually Transmitted Diseases
				(STDs)
			7.	Acquired Immune Deficiency
				Syndrome (AIDS)
			8.	Infectious diseases
			9.	Cystic lesions
			10.	Congenital and deformity diseases
			11.	Bone diseases affecting the jaw
			12.	Vascular and Lymphatic Diseases
Equipment and	:	LCD, Audio Visual Aids, slides, projectors
Materials		(Slides, OHP), transparencies
Textbook and	:	Oral Pathology: Clinical Pathologic
References		Correlation By S. Regezzi and Sciubba 3rd
		edition, 1995 (for verification)
		Suggested References:
			Oral Pathology by Shaffer
			Oral Pathology by Gilman and Goodman
			Oral Pathology by Kurt Thoma
			Oral Medicine by Burkett
			Oral Pathology by Lucas
			Atlas of Diseases of Oral Mucosae by
			Pindborg, Jan
Course Name	:	Forensic Dentistry
Course Description	:	Deals with the study of dental/oral parts of
		the body in the confirmation of identity of
	:	the victims
Course Credit	:	1 unit
Contact Hours	:	1 hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	General Pathology, Oral Pathology, Oral
		Diagnosis, General Anatomy, Oral Anatomy,
		Radiology, Restorative Dentistry,
		Prosthodontics & Histology
Placement	:	3rd Year, 1st Semester
Course Objectives	:	1.	To be able to know forensic sciences
			particularly forensic dentistry/odontology
		2.	To be able to know the different methods
			used in forensic science/forensic
			odontology
		3.	To be able to know the various scientific
			& ethical principles pertinent to forensic
			odontology
Course Outline	:	1.	Definition & Scope of forensic science
		2.	The realm of forensic science systematic
			& ethical principles of the science
		3.	Non-dental techniques & methods
		4.	Definition of forensic odontology
		5.	The techniques in forensic dentistry in
			various activities and identification
			through:
			5.1	Age estimation
			5.2	Gender determination
			5.3	Examination of soft tissues, hard
				tissues of the mouth & associated
				structures
			5.4	Examination of prosthetics & other
				inserts related to the oral cavity
			5.5	The scientific & ethical principles
				involved in forensic activities
Equipment & Materials		AV Equipment, models, casts, slides, x-ray
Textbooks &		films, pictures and charts
References		Manual of Forensic Dentistry by C. Michael
		Bowers and Gary L. Bell — 1995
		Forensic Dentistry by Paul G. Stinison &
		Curtis A. Mertz — 1997
		Practical Forensic Odontology by Derek H.
		Clark & Prof Perti Sainiv
Course Name	:	DENTAL JURISPRUDENCE AND ETHICS
Course Description	:	The relation of law and ethics to dental practice.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture per week
Pre-requisite	:	None
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To acquaint students with existing
				laws and ethics regulating the practice
				of dentistry.
			2.	To provide information to dental
				students on their rights and privileges
				as well as the rights of the patients.
Course Outline:	:
			1.	Definition of terms
			2.	Bases of state regulation
			3.	Dental Law
			4.	The Professional Regulation
				Commission
			5.	Knowledge of the Different laws
				relative to the practice of dentistry
			6.	The Regulatory Code of Dental
				Practice
			7.	Obligations and Contracts
			8.	Criminal and Civil liabilities of a
				dentist
			9.	Dental Fees and Compensation
			10.	Protection of dentists from risk in
				practice
Equipment and	:	Audio-visual facilities
Materials
Textbook and	:	Dental Jurisprudence and the Regulatory
References		Code of Dental Practice by Gundena,
		Asprer, DMD, LIB.
			Dental Jurisprudence by Joven
			Dental Jurisprudence by Robles
			Dental Team Management by Ellen Dietz
Course Name	:	ENDODONTICS
Course Description	:	The study of prevention, diagnosis and
		treatment of diseases of the dental pulp and
		periradicular tissues.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 units laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours, 3 laboratory hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Anatomy, Microscopic Anatomy and
		Embryology; Anesthesiology, Oral Pathology
		I and Roentgenology
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To arrive at an accurate diagnosis
				and correct treatment plan;
			2.	To identify and specify the use of
				instruments and materials in
				endodontic therapy
			3.	To identify the indications and
				contraindications to endodontic
				treatment
Course Outline	:
				1.	Anatomy of the pulp
				2.	Diseases of the pulp and
					periradicular tissues
				3.	Diagnosis
				4.	Armamentaria
				5.	Tooth Isolation
				6.	Access preparation
				7.	Determination of working length
				8.	Removal of the pulp
				9.	Root canal cleaning and shaping
				10.	Bacteriologic examination
				11.	Root canal obturation
				12.	Restoration of an
					endodontically-treated tooth
				13.	Failures in endodontic treatment
				14.	Bleaching
				15.	Other endodontic procedures
					(using endodontic microscope)
Equipment and	:	Radiograph machine, films, basic hand
Materials		instruments, electric pulp tester, carpule
		syringe, local anesthesia, nerve broaches,
		files, rotary instruments, burs, rubber dam,
		rubber dam clamp, rubber dam frame, clamp
		holder, saliva ejector, irrigating solution,
		dampen dishes, hypodermic syringe, cotton
		points, cotton balls, sterile gauze,
		disinfecting solution, gutta percha points,
		endodontic cements, EDTA, obturating
		materials, cement spatula, glass slab, alcohol
		lamp, apex locator, glass beads, culture
		media, incubator
Textbook and	:	Textbooks:
References			Pathways of the Pulp by Cohen — 9th
			edition
		Suggested references:
			Endodontic Practice by Grossman, Louie
			— 11th edition
			Endodontics by Ingel
			Endodontic Therapy by Weine
			Handbook of Clinical Endodontics by
			Bence
			Endodontics by Torabinajad
Course Name	:	ORTHODONTICS II
Course Description	:	The study of prevention, interception and
		treatment of malocclusion.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 unit laboratory
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours; 3 laboratory hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Orthodontics I
Placement		3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To distinguish preventive from
				interceptive orthodontics through the
				different essential and supplemental
				diagnostic tools;
			2.	To understand the different techniques
				in the management of orthodontic
				cases;
			3.	To apply preventive and interceptive
				measures on the models in the
				laboratory
			4.	To appreciate orthodontic treatment
				as an adjunct to the procedures in
				other dental disciplines.
Course Outline				1.	Normal occlusion vs. malocclusion
				2.	Incidence and recognition of
					malocclusion
				3.	Etiology and effects of
					malocclusion
				4.	Classification of malocclusion
				5.	Diagnostic aids and their
					interpretation
				6.	Anchorage
				7.	Biomechanical principles of
					orthodontic tooth movements
				8.	Preventive and interceptive
					orthodontics in patient aged 8-14
					years
				9.	Current trends in orthodontics
Equipment and	:	Radiographic machine, panoramic radiograph,
Materials		cephalometric radiograph, cast models,
		diagnostic pictures, acrylic inclined plane,
		Hawley's plate, brackets, orthodontic wires,
		orthodontic pliers, soldering machine,
		orthodontic cement, pre-fabricated molar bands,
		buccal tube, elastics
Textbook and	:	Textbooks:
References			Graber, T.M. Orthodontic Principles and
			Practice
		References:
			Moyers, R.E. Handbook of Orthodontics
			Rickets Orthodontics
Course Name	:	RESEARCH II
Course Description	:	The basic principles in preparing a technical
		paper and theses for presentation and
		discussion in scientific forum and/or for
		publication
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Biostatistics, Research I
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To develop the interest and ability
				to write research paper
			2.	To learn the ethical standards in
				conducting research
			3.	To be able to formulate graphs, tables
				and charts
			4.	To be able to interpret data accurately
			5.	To be able to apply correct and precise
				bibliography
			6.	To be able to defend the research
				output before an oral defense panel
Course Outline	:
				1.	Interpretation of Result and Analysis
				2.	Conclusion and Recommendation
				3.	Acknowledgment
				4.	Bibliography
				5.	Oral presentation
				6.	Publication and Dissemination
Equipment and	:	Journals and related references
Materials
Textbook and	:	Guides/Principles in Making a Research
References			Journals and pamphlets
Course Name	:	PRINCIPLES OF MEDICINE
Course Description		This course is designed to provide a logical
		framework for learning and working
		knowledge of internal medicine needed for
		diagnosis of dental patients with medical
		illnesses in relation to dentistry.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	.	General Anatomy Land II, General
		Physiology and General Pathology,
		Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Microbiology
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To have a thorough knowledge of the
				pathogenesis, etiology, diagnosis and
				management of the different systemic
				diseases.
			2.	To be able to identify oral manifestation
				of different systemic diseases.
			3.	To be able to relate the systemic
				condition with oral problems as the
				source of dysfunction
Course Outline	:			l.	Cardiovascular diseases
				2.	Pulmonary diseases
				3.	Hematogenous diseases
				4.	Gastrointestinal diseases
				5.	Renal and urogenital diseases
				6.	Allergic and Immunologic diseases
				7.	Rheumatoid diseases
				8.	Fluid and electrolytes disorders
				9.	Infectious diseases
				10.	Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency
					diseases
				11.	Congenital diseases
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities
Materials
Textbook and	:	Textbooks:
References			Internal Medicine by Harrison
		References:
			Medicine by Myers
			All other related Medical books and journals
Course Name	:	PERIODONTOLOGY
Course Description	:	The study of normal and abnormal periodontium,
		together with the etiology, pathology and
		management of periodontal diseases.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Microscopic Anatomy and Embryology,
		Oral Pathology I, Roentgenology, Oral
		Diagnosis.
Placement	:	3rd year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To understand the biology and
				pathology of the periodontium
			2.	To acquire clinical skills related to
				provision of periodontal treatment;
			3.	To correlate the clinical appearance of
				the periodontal tissues with the
				histologic and histopathological
				changes through radiograph.
			4.	To be able to relate the importance of
				periodontium in other fields
			5.	To understand the implication of chronic
				systemic diseases in relation to
				periodontal diseases
Course Outline	:
				1.	Biology of the healthy periodontium
				2.	Etiology of the diseases of the
					periodontium
				3.	Diagnostic tools for gingival and
					periodontal diseases
				4.	Diseases of the periodontium
				5.	Classification of gingival diseases
				6.	Classification of periodontal diseases
				7.	Differentiation between healthy
					gingiva and pathologic gingiva
				8.	Management of gingival and
					periodontal
			_	9.	Indications for non-surgical and
					surgical periodontal treatment
Equipment and	:	Radiographic machine, films, basic hand
Materials		instruments, periodontal probe, scalers,
		ultrasonic scalers, carpule syringe,
		anesthesia, hypodermic syringe, normal
		saline solution, periodontal curettes and
		knives, surgical pack, saliva ejector, suction,
		electrocautery machine
Textbook and	:	Textbooks
References			Periodontics by Carranza — 11th edition
		Suggested references
			Periodontics by Glickman
			Periodontics by Goldman
			Periodontology by Grant
Course Name	:	PRACTICE MANAGEMENT AND
		ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Course Description	:	The practice of dentistry in relation to the
		social, economic and cultural conditions of
		the community
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	None
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To acquire the necessary skills in
				managing a dental office.
			2.	To be able to practice dentistry in a
				community with social and cultural
				responsibility.
			3.	To be able to identify business
				opportunities and sourcing of funds.
			4.	To be able to establish marketing
				strategies.
			5.	To be able to keep abreast with the
				current trends in dentistry by
				attending continuing , professional
				education courses.
			6.	To be able to control hazards in the
				dental office.
			7.	To be able to control spread of
				infection in the dental office.
Course Outline	:		1.	Definition of Terms
			2.	Dental Ergonomics
				2.1.	Location
				2.2.	Design
				2.3.	Facilities and Equipment
				2.4.	Type of Practice
				2.5.	Population
			3.	Clinic/Office Management
			4.	Healthcare Waste Disposal Systems
			5.	Hazard and Infection Control
			6.	Maintenance and Other Operating
				Expenses (MOOEs)
			7.	Professional Fees
			8.	Insurance, Licenses, Taxes and
				Permits
			9.	Professionalism
			10.	Entrepreneurship
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual equipment, softwares, flip charts
Materials		etc.
			Note: Output must include
			visitation/exposure to different dental
			clinics and dispensaries
Textbook and	:		Practice Management by Robertson
References			Practice Management by Kirk Patrick
			Practice Management by Swenson
			Dental Team Management by Ellen Dietz
Course Name	:	PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY WITH CHILD
		PSYCHOLOGY
Course Description	:		The study of principles and techniques in
		the management of the child with dental
		problems including treatment of injuries
		and interceptive orthodontics.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours		2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Surgery I, Anesthesiology,
		Orthodontics I and II, Restorative I and II,
		Prosthodontics I
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To classify the types of pediatric patients;
			2.	To learn to diagnose the different
				childhood diseases
			3.	To perform the correct treatment for each
				type of pediatric patient;
			4.	To be able to recognize, special cases
				that need referral to specialist
Course Outline	:
			1.	Introduction — definition of terms
			2.	Oral diagnosis
			3.	Psychological development of the child
			4.	Clinical techniques for child patients
			5.	Behavior management
			6.	Sequence of tooth eruption both
				primary and permanent
			7.	Preventive dentistry
			8.	Restorative dentistry
			9.	Pulp treatment
			10.	Traumatic injuries of anterior teeth
			11.	Local anesthesia
			12.	Dental extraction in pediatric patients
			13.	Current trends in pediatric dentistry
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual equipment, basic hand instrument,
Materials		pediatric dental forceps, restorative instruments
		and materials, topical fluoride solution, sealants,
		local anesthesia, syringe, carpule syringe,
		endodontic instruments and materials, steel
		crowns, wires, acrylic, pediatric trays,
		impression materials, cast stones, plaster of Paris
Textbook and	:	Textbooks
References			Dentistry for the Child and the Adolescent
			By Mc Donald and David Avery, 7th edition,
			2000.
		Suggested References :
			Nelson's Textbook in Pediatric by Behrman,
			Richard
			Practical Pedodontics by Berk
			Child Management in Dentistry by Wright,
			Gerald
			Fundamentals of Pediatric Dentistry by
			Matthewson, Richard
Course Name	:	CLINICAL DENTISTRY II
Course Description	:	Clinical application of the basic competencies
		acquired in Oral Surgery, Endodontics, Oral
		Diagnosis and Pediatric Dentistry in addition to
		the prerequisite subjects in Clinical Dentistry I.
		Clinicians will work on actual patients and
		typodonts under the close supervision of a
		clinical supervisor. A validation examination
		based on the finished requirements will serve as a
		certification of completion of Clinical Dentistry
		II.
Course Credit	:	6 units
Contact Hours	:	18 hours clinical practice
Pre-requisite	:	Finished requirements in Clinical Dentistry I
		Passed validating examination in Clinical
		Dentistry I
Placement	:	3rd year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To perform competently and skillfully
				the basic clinical procedures in
				restorative dentistry for all types of
				patients.
			2.	To demonstrate properly the basic
				clinical procedures in prosthodontics
				using typodonts.
			3.	To exhibit competence in managing
				all types of patients needing restorative
				interventions in Prosthodontics,
				Endodontics and Oral Surgery

Clinical Requirements: Prior to the performance of the clinical requirements below, a periapical radiograph is a MUST:

Types of Restorations	Clinical Requirements	No. of Cases
Restorative
Class I Am	Live patients	2
Class II Am	Typodont (Cavity
	Preparation and	1
	Condensation)
	Live patient	1
Class III GIC/Co	Typodont	2
	Live patient	2
Class IV Co
	Live patients	2
Class V GIC/Co	Typodont	1
	Live patient	1
Oral Prophylaxis	Live patient	10
Surgery
Adult Extraction	Monorooted	6 (3 maxillary; 3
		mandibular)
	Multirooted	10
		(5 maxillary; 5
		mandibular)
Prosthodontics
Ant. FPD	Typodont	1
Bilateral RPD	Maxillary (Live patient)	1
	Mandibular (Live patient)	1
Porcelain Jacket Crown	Anterior (Live patient)	1
CD w/semi-adjustable		1
articulator	Live patient	1
Endodontics
Anterior RCT	Monorooted	1
Pediatric Dentistry
Any Anterior restoration	Live patient	1
Any Posterior restoration	Live patient	1
Space maintainer	Live patient	1
Validation Examination on
the finished requirements		Passed

Course Name	:	HOSPITAL DENTISTRY I
Course Description	:	Dental externship for senior students at a
		local or university training hospital or
		affiliated hospital designed to orient with
		hospital decorum, scope and overall
		functions of the different Departments and or
		Divisions.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 1 unit lecture, 2 units hospital duty
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour, 6 hours hospital duty
Pre-requisite	:	General and Oral Pathology, Microbiology,
		Pharmacology and Principles of Medicine
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To be acquainted with hospital
				decorum
			2.	To be familiar with the overall
				functions of the hospital
Course Outline			1.	Introduction
			2.	Mission and Vision
			3.	Definition of Terms
			4.	Classification of Hospital
			5.	Organizational Structure of Hospital
			6.	Hospital Governance
			7.	Hospital Staff
			8.	Dental Department
Equipment and	:	Accredited hospitals with complete facilities
Materials		and equipment
Textbook and	:	Hospital Dentistry Practice and Education by
References		R.F. Zambito
		Introduction to Hospital Dentistry by Bruce
		Douglas
			All references in General and Oral
		Anatomy, General and Oral Pathology,
		General and Oral Microscopical Anatomy,
		Pharmacology and Microbiology,
		Anesthesiology, Oral Surgery, Principles of
		Medicine, Internal Medicine
Course Name	:	COMMUNITY DENTISTRY II
Course Description		The study of the concepts, principles and
		methods of community dentistry, health
		service administration, oral health education,
		preventive dentistry and primary health care.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 2 units lecture, 1 unit field work
Contact Hours	:	2 hours lecture; 3 hours community services
		per week
Pre-requisite	:	Community Dentistry I
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To be able to acquire knowledge and
				skills in the administration of primary
				health care in the community.
			2.	To be able to acquire knowledge and
				skills in the art of preventive dentistry
				and primary health care.
Course Outline	:		1.	Definition of Terms
			2.	Principles of Administration of
				Community Health Programs
			3.	Oral Health Planning
			4.	Health Care Systems
			5.	Formulation of Program Plan
			6.	Introduction to ART Technique
			7.	Levels of Prevention of Dental
				Diseases
			8.	Primary Health Care
			9.	Oral Health Education Program
Equipment and	:	Dental Education Materials, leaflets,
Materials		hand-outs on oral health care
Textbook and	:	Principles of Dental Public Health by
References		Dunning, James
			Public Health by Jong, Anthony
Course Name	:	CLINICAL DENTISTRY III
Course Description	:	Clinical application of the competencies
		acquired in all the clinical dental subjects.
		Clinicians will work on actual patients and
		typodonts under the close supervision of the
		clinical supervisor. A written validation
		examination based on the finished
		requirements will be taken by the student. A
		certification that a student has finished
		Clinical Dentistry II will be given after
		passing the examination.
Course Credit	:	10 units
Contact Hours	:	30 hours clinical practice
Pre-requisite	:	Finished requirements in Clinical Dentistry II
	:	Passed validation examination in Clinical
		Dentistry II
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To demonstrate consistent satisfactory
				performance of all procedures for all
				types of patients needing treatment in
				clinical dentistry.
			2.	To manage competently all types of
				patients needing clinical dentistry
				procedures.
			3.	To arrive at the accurate
				interpretation of radiograph.
			4.	To establish personal rapport with the
				patient during the actual interactions.

Course Objectives : Clinical Requirements: Prior to the performance of the clinical requirements below, a periapical radiograph is a MUST:

Types of Restorations	Clinical Requirements	No. of Cases
Restorative
Class I Am	Live patients	4
Class II Am	Typodont (Cavity Preparation	2
	and Condensation)
	Live patient	1
Class III GIC/Co	Typodont	2
	Live patient	2
Class IV Co	Live patient	1
Class V GIC/Co	Typodont	1
	Live patient	1
Oral Prophylaxis	Live patient	10
Surgery
Adult Extraction	Monorooted	6 (3 maxillary;
		3 mandibular)
	Multirooted	10 (5 maxillary;
		5 mandibular)
Pediatric Extraction		.5
Prosthodontics
Porcelain Fused to Metal Crown	Anterior	1
Porcelain Fused to Metal Jacket	Posterior	1
Crown
Anterior Fixed Bridge	Typodont	1
Posterior Fixed Bridge	Live patient	1
Bilateral RPD	Live patient either maxillary or
	mandibular	1
Complete Denture	Live patient	1
Dowel (Casted or Ready-made)	Live patient either anterior or
	posterior	1
Endodontics
Posterior RCT	Live patient-Posterior RCT	1
	multi-rooted, either 2 or 3 canals)
Periodontics
Perio. Routine	Finished case-Live patient	1
Perio. Surgical	Finished case-Live patient	1
Pediatric Dentistry
Class I Am	Live patient	2
Class II Am	Live patient	2
Space Maintainer or Inclined
Plane	Live, patient	1
Pulpotomy	Live patient	1
Stainless steel crown	Typodont	1
	Posterior-Live patient	1
Stripped-off crown	Anterior-Live patient	Optional for
		additional
		credit
Roentgenology
Panoramic	Live patient	1
Validation exam		Passed

Course Name	:	HOSPITAL DENTISTRY II
Course Description	:	Internship for senior students in a local
		hospital with rotation to the different
		departments, and learn referral system and
		proper hospital decorum.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 1 unit lecture, 2 units hospital duty
Contact Hours	:	1 hour lecture/6 hours hospital duty per week
Pre-requisite	:	Hospital Dentistry I
Placement		4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To be able to learn the importance of
				laboratory test in relation to any
				medical and dental problems.
			2.	To be able to know how to give
				orders, admit and discharge patient
				and how to make consultations and
				referrals.
Course Outline	:		1.	Medical Record
			2.	Dental Out-Patient Facilities
			3.	Admission and Discharge Procedures
			4.	Consultation
			5.	Referrals
			6.	Clinico-Pathological Conference
				(CPC)
			7.	Basic Life Support
Equipment and	:	Accredited hospital with complete equipment
Materials		and facilities
Textbook and	:	Hospital Dentistry Practice and Education by
References		R.F. Zambito
			Introduction to Hospital Dentistry by
			Bruce Douglas
			All references in General and Oral
		Anatomy, General and Oral Pathology,
		General and Oral Microscopical Anatomy,
		Pharmacology and Microbiology,
		Anesthesiology, Oral Surgery, Principles of
		Medicine, Internal Medicine
Course Name	:	COMMUNITY DENTISTRY III
Course Description	:	The principles and methods designed in the
		practice of community dentistry including
		field experience.
Course Credit	:	3 units — 1 unit lecture; 2 units field work
Contact Hours	:	1 hour lecture; 6 hours fieldwork per week
Pre-requisite	:	Community Dentistry I and II
Placement	:	4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To be able to acquire knowledge and
				skills in planning, implementing and
				evaluating community oral health
				survey.
			2.	To be able to establish social
				relationship with the community
				officials.
			3.	To apply the acquired knowledge,
				attitude and skills in the practice of
				dentistry in the community
Course Outline	:			1.	Introduction
				2.	Review of Community Dentistry I
					and II
				3.	Community Organization
				4.	Community Survey
					4.1	Demographic profile
					4.2	Oral health profile
					4.3	Socio-economic condition
					4.4	Treatment of minor dental
						problems
				5.	Output/Evaluation
Equipment and	:	Flip charts, hand-outs for dental education,
Materials		all instruments needed for dental survey
Textbook and	:	Principles of Dental Public Health by
References		Dunning, James
		Public Health by Jong, Anthony
Course Name	:	CLINICAL DENTISTRY IV
Course Description	:	Clinical application of the competencies
		acquired in Clinical Dentistry III. This is a
		continuation of the requirements in Clinical
		Dentistry III. A validation examination will
		be given in Restorative Dentistry,
		Prosthodontics and Roentgenology. This
		examination will be included as a part of the
		requirement in Clinical Dentistry IV and a
		pre-requisite for graduation.
Course Credit	:	10 units
Contact Hours	:	30 hours clinical practice
Pre-requisite	:	Clinical Dentistry III
Placement	:	4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:	To be able to demonstrate competency in
		managing all types of patients needing as
		appropriate treatment in clinical dentistry.

 

Types of Restorations	Clinical Requirements	No. of Cases
Restorative
Class I Am	Live patients	2
Class II Am	Live patients	2
Class III GIC/Co	Live patients	1
Class IV Co	Live patient	1
Class V GIC/Co	Live patient	1
Oral Prophylaxis	Live patient	10
Surgery
Adult Extraction	Monorooted	6 (3 maxillary; 3
		mandibular)
	Multirooted	10 (5 maxillary;
		5 mandibular)
Odontectomy or any special
surgical procedures	Live patient	1
Pediatric Extraction	Live patient	5
Prosthodontics
Posterior porcelain jacket crown	Live patient	1
Complete denture	Live-patient	1
Posterior FPD	Live patient	1
Endodontics
RCT	Immediate either
	anterior or posterior	1
Apicoectomy	Live patient	1
Pediatric Dentistry
Class I Am	Live patient	3
Class II Am	Live patient	3
Oral Rehab case with at least 2
quadrants for treatment but must	Live patient	1
do entire/all necessary treatment
Roentgenology
Cephalometric	Live patient	1

 

A clinical proficiency examination in Restorative Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry and Roentgenology should be taken and passed and is included as a requirement for graduation.

SPECIAL STUDIES
Course Name	:	RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY SEMINAR I
Course Description	:	Clinical conferences on problems
		encountered in Restorative Dentistry clinic
		which is designed to develop critical thinking
		based on the principles and techniques
		learned from the basic knowledge in
		Restorative Dentistry.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	Restorative Dentistry I & II and all basic
		clinical courses
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To discuss the principles of cavity
				design with their corresponding
				filling materials;
			2.	To examine and evaluate the
				application of new concepts,
				improvements and correct techniques
				in the use of materials in restorative
				dentistry;
Course Outline	:				1.	Orientation
					2.	Journal articles
					3.	Dental caries
					4.	Cavity design, intermediary
						bases, filling materials
					5.	Current and new concepts in
						restorative dentistry
					6.	Manipulations of dental
						materials
					7.	Toxicity of dental materials
					8.	Failures in restorative
						treatment
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets and
Materials		hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line references
References
Course Name	:	PROSTHODONTICS SEMINAR I
Course Description	:	A special study concerned with
		problem-based learning consisting of case
		presentation by the students following the
		principles and concepts of fixed partial
		denture and removable partial denture
		prosthodontics.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	Prosthodontics I and II and all basic clinical
		courses
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To apply the basic principles and
				concepts in fixed and removable
				partial prosthodontics through
				problem-based learning.
			2.	To appreciate the course in relation
				to other disciplines in Dentistry as a
				whole.
Course Outline	:			1.	Introduction
				2.	Case presentation
				3.	Causes of failure
				4.	Problem-solving
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets and
Materials		hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line references
References
Course Name	:	ENDODONTICS-PERIODONTICS
		SEMINAR
Course Description	:
		A special study concerned with
		problem-based learning consisting of
		case presentation by the students
		following the principles and concepts of
		Endodontics and Periodontics.
Course Credit	:	2 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Pathology I, Endodontics,
		Periodontics
Placement	:	4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To introduce the students to a
				more specialized field in
				Endodontics and Periodontics.
			2.	To enable the students to
				appreciate the value of
				recognizing oral lesions and their
				treatment.
			3.	To identify the causes of failures
				in Endodontics and Periodontic
				treatment.
Course Outline	:			1.	Introduction
				2.	Principles and concepts of
					differential diagnosis
				3.	Laboratory examinations
				4.	Principles and concepts of
					biopsy
				5.	Recognition of oral diseases
				6.	Causes of Failures in
					Endo-Perio treatment
				7.	Problem-solving
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line
References		references
Course Name	:	ORTHODONTICS-PEDIATRIC
		DENTISTRY SEMINAR I
Course Description	:	This course is designed to implement the
		principles and techniques learned from
		the basic Orthodontics and Pediatric
		Dentistry courses.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	Orthodontics I & II and Pediatric
		Dentistry
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To categorize the different
				treatment modalities for the child
				patient
			2.	To apply the current trends in
				problems related to pediatric
				dentistry;
			3.	To appreciate the importance of
				oral health of the child patient
			4.	To recognize early problems in
				orthodontics.
			5.	To learn interceptive
				orthodontics.
Course Outline	:
				1.	Child management in the
					dental clinic
				2.	Infant oral health care
				3.	Pulp therapy in children
				4.	Accidents and injuries to
					primary anterior teeth
				5.	Current trends in clinical
					pediatric dentistry
				6.	Interceptive Orthodontics
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line
References		references
Course Name	:	RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY
		SEMINAR II
Course Description	:	A special study concerned with
		problem-based learning consisting of
		case presentation by the students following
		the principles and concepts of restorative
		dentistry. This will also include management
		of Geriatric patients.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	Restorative Dentistry I and II and all
		basic clinical courses
Placement	:	4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To apply the basic principles and
				concepts in restorative dentistry
				through problem-based learning.
			2.	To appreciate the course in relation
				to other disciplines in Dentistry as a
				whole.
			3.	To acquire the skills in solving
				problem commonly encountered
				in Restorative Dentistry and Geriatric
				patient.
			4.	To appreciate the importance of new
				trends in Restorative Dentistry
Course Outline	:
				1.	Introduction
				2.	Case presentation
				3.	Causes of failures in Restorative
					treatment
				4.	Problem-solving
				5.	Management of Geriatric patient
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line references
References
Course Name	:	PROSTHODONTICS SEMINAR II
Course Description	:	A special study concerned with
		problem-based learning consisting of case
		presentation by the students following the
		principles and concepts of complete
		denture Prosthodontics.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	Prosthodontics III and other basic clinical
		courses
Placement	:	4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To prepare the students in the
				recognition of abnormalities in
				edentulous patients.
			2.	To develop the students the skills to
				perform procedures in the
				rehabilitation of special cases in
				complete denture fabrication.
			3.	To develop understanding on the
				methods of repairing ill-fitting
				complete dentures.
			4.	To develop the skills in the
				fabrication of prosthesis for implant
				purposes
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction
			2.	Case presentation
				2.1	Rebase
				2.2	Reline
				2.3	Obturator
				2.4	Implant fabrication
			3.	Causes of Failures in denture
				fabrication
			4.	Problem-solving
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line
References		references
Course Name	:	ORAL SURGERY SEMINAR
Course Description	:		A special study concerned with
		problem-based learning consisting of case
		presentation by the students following the
		principles and concepts of Oral and
		Maxillofacial Surgery. This will also
		include different surgical procedures in the
		treatment of oral diseases and acquired
		defects of the jaws and its associated
		structures.
Course Credit	:	2 units lecture
Contact Hours	:	2 lecture hours per week
Pre-requisite	:	Oral Diagnosis, General and Oral
		Pathology, Principles of Medicine,
		Roentgenology, Anesthesiology,
		Pharmacology and Oral Surgery I & II Placement
	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:
			1.	To apply the basic principles learned
				in Oral Surgery.
			2.	To recognize abnormalities affecting
				the oral cavity and its associated
				structures.
			3.	To learn how to manage
				medically-compromised patients in
				Oral Surgery.
			4.	To interpret laboratory findings and
				correlate with oral condition prior
				to any surgical intervention.
Course Outline	:			1.	Introduction
				2.	Case presentation
				3.	Medically-compromised patients
				4.	Biopsy and Laboratory Findings
				5.	Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation
				6.	Management of Abnormalities
					and Other Lesions of the Jaw
				7.	Management of the Fractures of
					the Jaw
				8.	Implantology
				9.	Facial Neuropathy
				10.	Temporo-Mandibular Joint
					Disorder
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line
References		references
Course Name	:	ORTHODONTICS-PEDIATRIC
		DENTISTRY SEMINAR II
Course Description	:
		A special study concerned with
		problem-based learning consisting of case
		presentation by the students following the
		principles and concepts of Orthodontics
		and Pediatric Dentistry.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	Orthodontics I and II, Pediatric Dentistry
Placement	:	4th year, 2nd semester
Course Objectives	:		1.	To identify Orthodontics and
				Pediatric Dentistry cases that can
				be treated by the clinician in the
				dental infirmary.
			2.	To recognize cases that are within
				the scope of Interceptive
				Orthodontics.
			3.	To emphasize the importance of
				proper analysis of orthodontic data
				as the basis of correct treatment.
			4.	To learn how to handle and manage
				pediatric patient including special
				cases.
			5.	To learn how to manage common
				injuries encountered by pediatric
				patients.
Course Outline	:		1.	Introduction
			2.	Case Presentation
			3.	Interceptive Orthodontics
			4.	Management of Special Pediatric
				Patients
			5.	Limitations in the Treatment of
				Pediatric Patients
			6.	Consultation and Referrals to
				specialist
Equipment and	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Rows
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line
References		references
Course Name	:	CURRENT TRENDS IN DENTISTRY
Course Description	:	The study concerned with the latest
		developments in Dentistry like in Dental
		Materials, Dental Technology, new
		techniques and other areas related to
		Clinical Dentistry like infection control
		practices, genetics and medically
		compromised patients.
Course Credit	:	1 unit lecture
Contact Hours	:	1 lecture hour per week
Pre-requisite	:	none
Placement	:	4th year, 1st semester
Course Objectives	:	To be updated with the current
		development in Dentistry
Course Outline	:	Current Development in Dentistry
Equipment	:	Audiovisual facilities, flip charts, leaflets
Materials		and hand-outs, software, CD Roms
Textbook and	:	Local and foreign journals, on-line
References		references

ARTICLE VII

General Requirements

SECTION 9. Program Administration. —

a) Dean/Associate dean

The school/college should be administered by a full time dean or as needed, associate dean serving at least eight (8) hours a day with the following qualifications: ACTISD

a) must be a Filipino citizen with good moral character;

b) must be currently a Registered Dentist and a holder of a Master's degree or its equivalent (any post graduate training/study of 2 years);

c) must have an academic rank of at least Associate Professor with tenure;

d) must have a minimum of ten (10) years of clinical practice;

e) must have a minimum of five (5) consecutive years of teaching within the last ten years;

f) must have a minimum of two (2) years appropriate administrative experience;

g) must be a member of good standing of the Philippine Dental Association, Inc.

SECTION 10. Faculty. —

A faculty of the Dentistry program must possess any of the following qualifications:

a. Filipino citizen and/or visiting professor invited for a particular period of time;

b. graduate of dentistry and/or any related fields by recognized higher education institutions;

c. Registered/licensed dentist or any related field must have at least master's degree or its equivalent (any two (2) years or more of postgraduate training in a recognized university or hospital)

d. must have an academic rank and tenure;

e. a practicing dentist or related field for at least three (3) years;

f. must be of good moral character;

g. must be a member of good standing of the Philippine Dental Association, Inc. or related accredited professional organizations.

The faculty member must possess the academic degrees and preparation appropriate to their teaching assignments.

The following are the suggested guidelines for ranking purposes:

a. Assistant Professor — must possess DMD or related degrees and post graduate training

b. Associate Professor-must possess DMD or related degrees with Master's degree of its equivalent (Fellowship in Specialty Field)

c. Professor — possess DMD or related degrees with PhD or its equivalent (Diplomate in Specialty Field)

* Special lecturer possess appropriate degree on the subject he/she is teaching and will be ranked according to his/her credentials.

The following conditions of employment shall be observed:

a. A full-time faculty member is one who teaches in the dental school for a minimum of eighteen (18) hours per week.

 A part time faculty is one whose teaching time does not exceed twelve (12) hours per week.

 At least sixty percent (60%) of the subjects shall be taught by full-time faculty members.

b. Salary rates of faculty members shall be commensurate with their ranks, academic preparation, teaching experiences and comparable with others who teach other academic subjects.

Faculty Development Program

For an effective operation of the schools, institute, college or university offering Dentistry, there should be a faculty development program carried out through:

a. Scholarship grants to full-time faculty members;

b. Educational loans or tuition fee discounts to faculty members enrolled in the graduate school;

c. Subsidized attendance in Continuing Education Programs, conferences, professional and scientific meetings, etc.;

d. In-service or in-house training.

There should be a system to encourage faculty research, creative works and development of other teaching materials.

Each college/university shall have a faculty manual containing information and polices of all matters pertaining to the faculty. aCSHDI

SECTION 11. Library. —

1. The library must be managed by a full time licensed librarian.

2. A well-equipped dental library, whether established separately or as a section in a general library should be clearly defined as a dental collection.

3. The library should be open at least eight (8) hours a day on school days without prejudice to increasing member of hours upon discretion of the institution.

4. The institution offering Dentistry program must assure availability of at least five (5) titles each of current edition of Dental books, pamphlets, monographs, and serials specifically used as basic reference reading materials for the dental course/subjects. HTCISE

5. To update the students and faculty staff in the latest developments in the field of Medicine and Dentistry, subscription to a minimum of ten (10) titles of international journals and Health Science periodicals must be maintained.

6. The institutions offering Dentistry program must provide at least five (5) copies of each basic textbooks to be used by the students in all the subjects specified in the curriculum and minimum of three (3) references with four (4) copies each.

7. All income from the students' library fee should be spent strictly for the acquisition of books, journals, publication and other expenses towards the improvement of the library.

8. The Dental library should have the following state-of-art materials and equipment:

a. audio-visual facilities;

b. at least two (2) computer facilities for Medical and dental Informatics for students' access;

c. photocopier should be available for Dental students' use;

d. at least one CD-ROM for each subjects or its equivalent.

 

9. The dental library must accessible or in close proximity to the dental college.

10. The Dental library should be a part of the institution's web site.

SECTION 12. Facilities and Equipment. —

1. Every school, institution, college or university offering Dentistry program must have adequate laboratory/clinic facilities to enable all students to acquire correct specific and clinical skills, knowledge and attitude.

2. The specific requirements of the Dentistry laboratory facilities are as follows:

2.1 One (1) cadaver should be provided for ten to fifteen (10-15) students at any given academic year. The use of plastic mannequins and models, multi-media devices, etc. may be allowed to supplement laboratory instruction.

2.2 One (1) set of apparatus should be assigned for every five (5) students in Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry.

2.3 One (1) set of monocular microscope and apparatus and a set of slides should be assigned for every two (2) students in Biochemistry, Microbiology, Pathology, and Microscopic Anatomy and a minimum of five (5) binocular microscopes per class.

2.4 Adequate audio-visual materials should be available for instruction for faculty and students.

2.5 There shall be separate laboratories for Basic Medical, Basic Dental and pre-clinical subjects as: cTaDHS

2.5.1 Basic Medical subjects — Biochemistry, General Physiology and Pharmacology, Microscopic Anatomy, General Pathology and Microbiology;

2.5.2 Basic Dental subjects-Oral Anatomy, Oral Microscopic Anatomy, Oral Pathology and Oral Physiology and dental Materials;

2.5.3 Pre-Clinical subjects-Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics and Pedodontics.

2.6 There should be an adequately equipped Pre-Clinical laboratory facilities whose features will have the following:

2.6.1 one (1) mannequin or phantom head per student;

2.6.2 at least ten (10) simulators per class to start with;

2.6.3 one articulated metal or acrylic jaw per student;

2.6.4 two (2) sets adjustable anatomic articulator with accessories for demonstration purposes;

2.6.5 dental surveyor set: eight (8) pieces for a class of 40-50 students;

2.6.6 two (2) pieces of curing unit for every class;

2.6.7 cast trimmer, centrifugal casting machine, furnace, acethylene torch and tank, lathe machine, spot welder.

2.7 There should be an adequately equipped Clinical Facilities consisting of:

2.7.1 A ratio of one (1) dental chair and unit for every four (4) students:

2.7.2 An adequately equipped Radiology Laboratory consisting of:

a. x-ray machine-one (1) periapical x-ray machine for every 100 students and at least one panoramic/cephalometric x-ray machine with adequate dark room which is manned by a licensed/registered radiology technician;

b. lead-protected x-ray room and lead apron for patients;

 The x-ray room must be located in close proximity to the clinic.

2.7.3 sterilizing equipment:

a. autoclove;

b. glass beads

The sterilizing room must be manned by a personnel trained in infection control.

2.7.4 amalgamator, one (1) for every ten (10) students;

2.7.5 light cure machine, one (1) for every fifteen (15) students;

2.7.6 oxygen tank with regulator;

2.7.7 suction apparatus for every chair in oral surgery;

2.7.8 electrocautery;

2.7.9 cast trimmer, dental surveyor, waterbath and dental lathe machine.

SECTION 13. Instructional Standards. —

1. The institution must maintain a standard if instruction, utilize an updated syllabi and instructional methods to enhance quality dental education.

2. A system of evaluating quality of instruction should be instituted, implemented and monitored.

3. The institution shall provide for a systematic and continuing plan of evaluation of the students progress through a grading system that is consistent with the standards set by the CHED.

4. No students shall be given credit for a course unless he/she fulfills all the requirements in each subject.

5. The institution must prescribed the basic and standard textbooks to be used. These must be of recent edition and must reflect the current trends in the Dental professions. The institution may change textbooks only once in five (5) years.

6. The institutions must provide the necessary instructional materials like anatomy models, teaching slides, video tapes and CD ROMS, charts, etc. including audio-visual equipment for a more effective teaching-learning process. cDTACE

7. The ratio of faculty to student in practicum or laboratory classes in dental subjects must not exceed 1:25, while the ratio in lecture classes must not exceed 1:50. The ratio of students to clinical supervisors must be 1:10.

The number of sections in every year level of the Dentistry course must be in proportion to the size of the faculty, classroom, Laboratory and clinical facilities with a faculty-student ratio as specified above.

SECTION 14. Admission. —

1. The institution shall establish its own set of admission and retention policies and standards consistent with the policies of the CHED.

2. A basic criteria for admission shall however include the following:

a. The applicant must have completed a two-year pre-dental program or a degree related to health in order to meet the requirements for Certificate of Eligibility for Dentistry (CED) issued by CHED. Autonomous and deregulated dental colleges and universities can issue CED.

b. The applicant must have been issued the Certificate of Eligibility for Dentistry.

c. The applicant should never been convicted of any crime and is of good character.

3. The applicant must have passed a physical, psychological, aptitude and dextrity examination to determine his/her suitability to the profession. TcaAID

4. Retention will depend upon the individual institutions and should be consistent with the policies of the CHED.

ARTICLE VIII

Sanctions

Failure to comply with the above minimum requirements shall be a ground for revocation of the authority to operate the program.

ARTICLE IX

Repealing Clause

This Order supersedes all previous issuances concerning dental education which may be inconsistent or contradictory with any of the provisions hereof.

ARTICLE X

Effectivity Clause

This set of Policies, Standards and Guidelines for Dental Education shall take effect beginning school year 2007-2008.

(SGD.) CARLITO S. PUNO, DPAChairman

Pasig City, Philippines July 11, 2006